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Оксид азота: свойства, биологическая роль, механизмы действия

Оксид азота: свойства, биологическая роль, механизмы действия

Abstract

The article presents a detailed analysis of the problem of nitric oxide (NO) in biology and medicine. The physical properties NO are described, classification and characteristics of NO-synthase are provided, questions of discovery and synthesis of nitric oxide, its physiological role and mechanisms of action are highlighted, the impact of high and low concentrations of NO is described. Nitric oxide is produced by various cells of the body and controls many functions and biochemical processes, acting as intracellular messenger. Nitric oxide causes relaxation of blood vessels and smooth muscle tissue, has neuromodulating and antitumor activity, regulates the synthesis and secretion of hormones, platelets activity, interaction of leukocytes with the vessel walls. Variety of effects of nitric oxide due to the formation of physiologically active metabolites of NO and its interaction with various molecular targets, as well as a dose-dependent manner.

В статье представлен анализ проблемы оксида азота (NO) в биологии и медицине. Дается описание физических свойств NO, приводится классификация и характеристики NO-синтаз, освещаются вопросы открытия и синтеза оксида азота, его физиологической роли и механизмов действия, описывается воздействие высоких и низких концентраций NO. Оксид азота вырабатывается различными клетками организма и контролирует в них многие функции и биохимические процессы, выполняя роль внутриклеточного мессенджера. Оксид азота вызывает релаксацию кровеносных сосудов и гладкомышечной ткани, обладает нейромодулирующей и противоопухолевой активностью, регулирует синтез и секрецию гормонов, активность тромбоцитов, взаимодействие лейкоцитов со стенками сосудов. Разнообразие эффектов оксида азота обусловлено образованием физиологически активных метаболитов NO и его взаимодействием с различными молекулярными мишенями, а также носит дозозависимый характер.

Keywords

КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ., СИНТЕЗ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ РОЛЬ, ОКСИД АЗОТА, CONCENTRATION.

  • BIP!
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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold