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Современные гидрометаллургические технологии переработки упорного золотосодержащего сырья

Современные гидрометаллургические технологии переработки упорного золотосодержащего сырья

Abstract

В течение последних десятилетий неуклонно уменьшается доля золота, извлекаемого из простых в технологическом отношении золотых руд. Одновременно возрастает доля золота извлекаемого из упорных руд, эффективная обработка которых требует значительно более сложных и развитых схем, включающих подготовительные операции (обжиг, биовыщелачивание, автоклавное окислительное выщелачивание) перед операцией цианирования. На основании проанализированных литературных источников в настоящей статье приведен зарубежный и отечественный опыт гидрометаллургической переработки упорного золотосодержащего сырья. Применение гидрометаллургических технологий переработки упорного золотосодержащего сырья (автоклавное и биоокисление) позволяет повысить извлечение золота и решить проблемы с токсичными выбросами мышьяка в атмосферу, характерными для обжига пирит-арсенопиритного золотосодержащего сырья. Внедрение методов автоклавного и биоокисления позволило разрабатывать ранее нерентабельные золоторудные месторождения. В заключении работы излагаются будущие задачи стоящие перед гидрометаллургическими технологиями переработки упорного золота, связанные с решением вопросов экологии и сокращением эксплуатационных и капитальных затрат.

The share of the gold, extracted from simple gold ores in the technological relation, decreases recently. At the same time the share of the gold extracted from persistent ores increases. Effective processing of such ores demands much more difficult and developed schemes including preparatory operations (roasting, bioleaching, autoclave oxidative leaching) before cyanidation. On the basis of the analyzed literature the present paper provides foreign and domestic experience of hydrometallurgical processing of refractory gold-bearing raw materials. Application of hydrometallurgical technologies for processing of persistent gold-bearing raw materials (bio-oxidation and autoclave oxidation) allows to increase extraction of gold and to solve problems with toxic emissions of arsenic in the atmosphere, typical for roasting pyrite-arsenopyrite gold raw materials. Introduction bio-oxidation and autoclave oxidation allowed to process earlier unprofitable gold fields. Future tasks, facing before hydrometallurgical technologies of processing of persistent gold, are stated. They are connected with the solution of environmental issues and reduction of operational and capital expenditure.

Keywords

ЗОЛОТО, УПОРНЫЕ РУДЫ, БАКТЕРИАЛЬНОЕ ОКИСЛЕНИЕ, АВТОКЛАВНОЕ ОКИСЛЕНИЕ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold