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Эффективность репарации двунитевых разрывов ДНК в лимфоцитах человека после воздействия импульсно-периодического рентгеновского излучения в зависимости от уровня активных форм кислорода

Эффективность репарации двунитевых разрывов ДНК в лимфоцитах человека после воздействия импульсно-периодического рентгеновского излучения в зависимости от уровня активных форм кислорода

Abstract

Effects of high doses of ionizing radiation in human cells are well studied while mechanisms of some phenomena in the low dose range, including bystander effect, radiation-induced chromosome instability and hypersensitivity to low doses of ionizing radiation, remain not clear. Moreover, repair of DNA double strand breaks is deficient after exposure of human cells to very low doses of ionizing radiation. Earlier, such reduced DNA double strand break repair was observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes after exposure to very low dose pulsed X-rays. It was suggested that there was a radiation-induced oxidative threshold for activation of antioxidant system and repair of radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks which is essential for efficient functioning of DNA repair pathways. Thus, in this study we analyzed the effects of exogenously added reactive oxygen species on effectiveness of DNA double strand break repair. With this aim, the level of phosphorylated histone H2AX (fH2AX) foci, which is the most sensitive marker of DNA double strand breaks, was assessed in human lymphocytes incubated with 10 pM H 2O 2 in the medium with the following exposure to low dose pulsed X-rays. It was observed that 10 pM H 2O 2 slightly increased the level of yH2AXfoci at 30 min after irradiation in both irradiated and control cells. On the contrary, 10 pMH 2O 2 did not affect radiosensitivity of human lymphocytes measured as an excess level of fH2AXfoci. Moreover, there was no significant effect of 10 pMH 2O 2 on the effectiveness of DNA double strand break repair at 18 h after irradiation. At the same time, the level of radiation-induced yH2AX foci decreased significantly at 18 h for doses higher than 72 mGy in lymphocytes exposed to 10 pMH 2O 2 while in lymphocytes non-exposed to 10 pM H 2O 2 such decrease was observed only for doses higher than 160 mGy. Our results are partially inconsistent with the previous study of effectiveness of DNA double strand break repair in human fibroblasts in which the significant effect of reactive oxygen species was observed. High variability of effectiveness of DNA double strand break repair was shown for different donors after irradiation to 12 mGy of pulsed X-ways suggesting that effects of H 2O 2 on DNA repair probably depend on individual features.

В ранее проведенных нами исследованиях на лимфоцитах периферической крови человека был обнаружен феномен сниженной эффективности репарации двунитевых разрывов ДНК в ответ на воздействие импульсно-периодическим рентгеновским излучением в малых дозах. Одним из объяснений наблюдаемого феномена может являться наличие в клетке порога активации систем антиокислительной защиты и систем репарации радиационно-индуцированных двуните-вых разрывов ДНК, достижение которого является необходимым условием для запуска и эффективного функционирования систем репарации. В связи с этим для анализа влияния уровня активных форм кислорода на эффективность репарации двунитевых разрывов ДНК был проведен эксперимент по оценке уровня фокусов белка yH2AX после воздействия импульсно-периодическим рентгеновским излучением на лимфоциты периферической крови человека, необработанные и предварительно обработанные 10 мкМ H 2O 2. Было установлено, что добавление 10 мкМ H 2O 2 незначительно повышает уровень фокусов белка yH2AX, но не влияет на радиочувствительность клеток. Также не было обнаружено значимых различий между долями репарированных двунитевых разрывов ДНК в предварительно обработанных и необработанных 10 мкМ H 2O 2 лимфоцитах. В связи с высокой вариабельностью результатов между донорами можно предположить, что эффекты воздействия зависят от индивидуальных особенностей.

Keywords

ИМПУЛЬСНО-ПЕРИОДИЧЕСКОЕ РЕНТГЕНОВСКОЕ ИЗЛУЧЕНИЕ, ДВУ-НИТЕВЫЕ РАЗРЫВЫ ДНК, ПЕРЕКИСЬ ВОДОРОДА, АКТИВНЫЕ ФОРМЫ КИСЛОРОДА, МАЛЫЕ ДОЗЫ ИОНИЗИРУЮЩЕГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold