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Динамика социальной системы раннесредневековых тюрок Алтае-Саянского региона и Центральной Азии (по археологическим материалам)

Динамика социальной системы раннесредневековых тюрок Алтае-Саянского региона и Центральной Азии (по археологическим материалам)

Abstract

The article concerns the dynamics of early medieval Turks' social system in the Altai-Sayan region and Central Asia. The paper is focused on the research of excavation materials of burial grounds dated from the second half of the 5th century to the 11th century A. D. The findings of cemeteries excavations were compared to the data from written sources on key events of nomad's political and social history. The analysis of early medieval Turks' burial grounds showed gradual increase of nomadic society consolidation already at early stages of the culture development which was reflected in more complicated and harmonized mortuary rites. The period of dependence on China after the collapse of East Khaganate (630-682) became a special stage of nomad's sociogenesis. Changes of early medieval Turks' political and social organization, occurring at that time, were caused by “embedding” process in the administrative system of the Celestial Empire. The highest level of nomad's society development was achieved at the time of the Second East Turkic khaganate (682-744) which is indicated by numerous burials of the Altai-Sayan region, memorial complexes of Mongolia, as well as by written sources.

Представлен опыт реконструкции динамики социальной системы раннесредневековых тюрок Алтае-Саянского региона и Центральной Азии. Основой для исследования послужили материалы раскопок погребальных комплексов 2-й половины V-XI вв. н. э. Итоги изучения захоронений скоррелированы со сведениями письменных источников о ключевых сюжетах социально-политической истории кочевников. Анализ погребений раннесредневековых тюрок демонстрирует постепенное повышение уровня консолидации социума номадов уже на ранних этапах развития культуры, что отразилось в усложнении обрядовой практики и ее стандартизации. Особым этапом социогенеза кочевников стал период зависимости от Китая после крушения Восточного каганата (630682 гг.). Изменения социально-политической организации раннесредневековых тюрок, происходившие в это время, обусловлены процессом «встраивания» в административную систему Поднебесной империи. Наивысший уровень развития общества номадов связан с существованием Второго Восточно-Тюркского каганата (682-744 гг.), о чем свидетельствуют многочисленные погребальные памятники Алтае-Саянского региона, мемориальные комплексы Монголии, а также письменные источники.

Keywords

РАННЕСРЕДНЕВЕКОВЫЕ ТЮРКИ, АЛТАЕ-САЯНСКИЙ РЕГИОН, ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ АЗИЯ, СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ИСТОРИЯ, АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПАМЯТНИКИ, ПИСЬМЕННЫЕ ИСТОЧНИКИ, РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold