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Тактика ведення вагітних групи ризику розвитку прееклампсії

Тактика ведення вагітних групи ризику розвитку прееклампсії

Abstract

Тактика ведения беременных группы риска развития преэклампсии. Лоскутова Т.А. Преэклампсия остается актуальной проблемой современного акушерства, ее частота составляет 2-8% и не имеет тенденции к снижению. Для практикующего врача принципиально важным является выявление беременных группы риска и проведения у них профилактического лечения. Целью исследования стала разработка и обоснование дифференцированной тактики ведения беременных в зависимости от риска развития преэклампсии. 131 беременная в I триместре была протестирована для определения риска развития преэклампсии. Модель прогноза позволяет выявить беременных группы риска развития гипертензивных нарушений по результатам тестирования генов тромбофилии (наличия полиморфизма 455 G→A в гене фибриногена β и 4G/5G в гене ингибитора активатора плазминогена 1 типа), уровню антител к β2 гликопротеину 1, концентрации Д-димера, значению коэффициента атерогенности. Беременные группы прогнозируемого высокого риска развития преэклампсии получали комплекс профилактического лечения, который включал: антиагрегантную терапию, коррекцию уровня гомоцистеина и гиперхолестеринемии. Разработана этио-патогенетическая концепция прогнозирования и профилактики преэклампсии, ассоциированной с тромбофилией. Разработанная тактика позволила нормализовать показатели свертывания крови, обмена липидов, снизить концентрацию маркеров тромбофилии. Доказана необходимость раннего и длительного применения разработанного профилактического комплекса, что позволяет обеспечить полноценность имплантации, избежать повреждения эндотелия и предотвращает развитие патологического круга преэклампсии. Результатом профилактического лечения явилось снижение случаев преэклампсии в 6,5 раз (р <0,05), количества осложненных родов в 3 раза (р <0,05), преждевременных родов в 6,5 раза (р <0,05), задержки развития плода в 9,8 раза (р = 0,003), увеличение массы тела новорожденных в 1,24 раза (р = 0,02).

Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy remain important problem of modern obstetrics, their frequency being 2-8% with no tendency of decreasing. To identify pregnant women with high risk and to conduct preventive treatment is very important for the practitioner. The aim of the study was to develop and justify differential management of pregnants depending on the risk of preeclampsia. 131 pregnant women in I trimester were tested to determine the risk of hypertensive disorders. Prediction model allows to identify pregnant women with risk of hypertensive disorders according to the results of testing thrombophilia genes (presence of 455G → A polymorphism in the gene for fibrinogen β and 4G/5G in gene of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), the level of antibodies to β2 glycoprotein-1, the level of D-dimer and the value of atherogenicity coefficient. Pregnant women with high risk of hypertensive disorders, received prophylactic treatment complex. This complex included antiplatelet therapy, correction of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypercholesterolemia levels. Etio-pathogenic concept of prediction and prevention of pre-eclampsia associated with thrombophilia was proposed. The proposed scheme of preventive treatment allowed to normalize blood clotting parameters, lipid metabolism, to reduce the number of thrombophilia markers. The necessity of early and long-term administration of prophylactic complex was proved. This management prevents endothelial damage and development of pathological range of pre-eclampsia. The results of prophylactic treatment were the reduction of preeclampsia cases by 6,5 times (p < 0.05), number of complicated deliveries by 3 times (p <0.05), number of preterm birth by 6,57 times (p <0.05), cases of growth retardation by 9,8 times (p = 0.003), increase of newborns’ weight by 1,24 times (p = 0.02).

Keywords

ВАГіТНіСТЬ, ПРЕЕКЛАМПСіЯ, ПОЛіМОРФіЗМ ГЕНіВ, ГЕМОСТАЗ, АНТИФОСФОЛіПіДНі АНТИТіЛА, ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ, ГРУПА РИЗИКУ, ТАКТИКА ВЕДЕННЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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