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Изменение профиля слухоречевой асимметрии при афазии

Изменение профиля слухоречевой асимметрии при афазии

Abstract

В статье рассматривается проблема межполушарной реорганизации речевых процессов при афазии. В исследовании участвовали 27 больных с афазией с поражением левого полушария сосудистой и травматической этиологии. В первую группу (острая афазия) вошли 11 больных в возрасте от 21 до 62 лет с давностью заболевания от 2 до 6 месяцев, из них 7 — с преимущественно «передними» формами (моторные афазии и динамическая афазия) и 4 — с преимущественно «задними» (височные формы и семантическая афазия). Во вторую группу (хроническая афазия) вошли 16 пациентов в возрасте от 32 до 65 лет с давностью заболевания более 2 лет, из них 3 с «передними» и 13 — с «задними» афазиями. Батарея нейропсихологических методик включала нейропсихологическое исследование по схеме А.Р. Лурия, количественную оценку степени выраженности афазического дефекта и методику дихотического прослушивания в начале и в конце курса речевой реабилитации. Результаты: 1) в обеих группах испытуемых выявлен высокий процент случаев доминантности левого уха; 2) эффект левого уха был типичен для височных поражений левого полушария; 3) в нейропсихологическом синдроме всех пациентов обнаружены правополушарные симптомы; 4) в обеих группах не было достоверных сдвигов в изменении значения коэффициента ведущего уха по завершении курса нейрореабилитации. Основные выводы: преимущественное доминирование правого полушария в речевом восприятии устанавливается на ранних сроках одностороннего поражения левого полушария мозга; мозговая реорганизация речи при афазии происходит спонтанно.

In this study tables a question of the interhemispheric language reorganization in aphasics. The 27 left brain-damaged patients after stoke and trauma took part in this study. Two groups of fluent and non-fluent aphasics were studied. The acute aphasia group (n=11) 2—6 months post-onset. The acute group included 7 non-fluent and 4 fluent patients. The chronic aphasia group (n=16) at mean 24 months post-onset — 3 non-fluent and 13 fluent aphasics. All the patients were between 21—65 years old. The results of Luria’s neuropsychological diagnosis battery (special attention was paid to solving right hemisphere tasks as recognition of objects and letters in a highly distracted field, mental rotation, faces recollection etc.), the severity of aphasia and a dichotic listening task have been surveyed. The results: 1) The left ear effect occurred in both groups. 2) This effect was more typical for temporal brain damage patients. 3) All the patients had neurophyshological syndromes that included apart from left hemisphere symptoms some right hemisphere ones. 4) The degree of the left year effect did not changed significantly during the course of neurorehabilitation. Conclusion: the right hemisphere advantage in language perception was found at the early stage after post-onset. It is believed that this effect is the evidence of spontaneous evolution of aphasia.

Keywords

АФАЗИЯ,APHASIA,МЕЖПОЛУШАРНАЯ АСИММЕТРИЯ,BRAIN ASYMMETRY,ДИХОТИЧЕСКОЕ ПРОСЛУШИВАНИЕ,A DICHOTIC LISTENING TASK,ВОССТАНОВИТЕЛЬНОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ,INDUCED REHABILITATION,МОЗГОВАЯ РЕОРГАНИЗАЦИИ РЕЧИ ПРИ АФАЗИИ,CEREBRAL LANGUAGE REORGANIZATION IN APHASIA,RECOVERY OF APHASIA

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold