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Влияние идей Эрнста Маха на критику языка Фритца Маутнера (на основе частной переписки австрийских философов и личных документов Э. Маха)

Влияние идей Эрнста Маха на критику языка Фритца Маутнера (на основе частной переписки австрийских философов и личных документов Э. Маха)

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the investigation of Ernst Mach’s philosophical ideas and to the analysis of their influence on Fritz Mauthner’s language critique theory. It is well known that both Austrian thinkers were personally acquainted and maintained correspondence since 1889 until 1915. Their private correspondence is kept in the archives of the Fraunhofer Institute named after Ernst Mach in Freiburg, Germany. Mutual letters of the philosophers, as well as the records of Ernst Mach’s diaries and notebooks, were published only in 1982. The author points out that at the turn of the twentieth century Mach’s philosophy reflected dominating views and ideas in Austria and extended far beyond positivism, affecting not only the critique of language and phenomenology, but also culture, literature and art of that period of time. Fritz Mauthner is practically unknown in the contemporary Russian philosophical literature, and even if he is mentioned it is rather in connection to the most recognized Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein. The article provides an analysis based on the private correspondence of E. Mach and F. Mauthner and on Ernst Mach’s personal documents, which shows how Ernst Mach’s philosophical reflections influenced Fritz Mauthner’s oeuvre, and how they were developed in his language critique. According to Austrian philosophical tradition, both philosophers are united in the critique of I. Kant’s philosophy, “thing-in-itself” and I-analysis.

Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию философских идей Эрнста Маха и анализу их влияния на лингвокритическую теорию, разработанную Фритцем Маутнером. Известно, что данные австрийские мыслители были знакомы лично и с 1889 г. по 1915 г., вели переписку, которая хранится в архиве института Эрнста Маха общества Фраунгофера во Фрайбурге, Германия. Письма философов друг другу, а также содержимое записных книжек и дневников Э. Маха были опубликованы только в 1982 г. Отмечается, что в Австрии на рубеже ХIX-XX вв. влияние философских идей Э. Маха шагнуло далеко за пределы позитивизма и распространилось не только на критику языка и феноменологию, но и литературу, культуру, искусство. Фритц Маутнер практически не известен в современной российской философской литературе, а если и упоминается, то только применительно к самому известному философу Австрии Л. Витгенштейну. В статье представлен анализ частной переписки Э. Маха и Ф. Маутнера и материалов личных документов Э. Маха. При этом анализ показывает, каким образом философские размышления Маха повлияли на творчество Фритца Маутнера и получили дальнейшее развитие в его критике языка. В соответствии с австрийской философской традицией обоих философов объединяет критика И. Канта, «вещи-в-себе», анализ «Я».

Keywords

АВСТРИЙСКАЯ ФИЛОСОФИЯ, ОЩУЩЕНИЯ, КРИТИКА ЯЗЫКА, ЯЗЫКОВЫЕ МИРЫ, КРИТИКА "ВЕЩИ-В-СЕБЕ", CRITIQUE OF THE "THING-IN-ITSELF", АНАЛИЗ "Я"

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold