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Интерпретация слов ап. Павла «в Адаме» из послания к римлянам (5: 12) в основных сотериологических теориях русского академического богословия

Интерпретация слов ап. Павла «в Адаме» из послания к римлянам (5: 12) в основных сотериологических теориях русского академического богословия

Abstract

The article deals with the interpretation of one of the key places in Scripture that promotes understanding of the doctrine of original sin (Romans 5: 12) in the context of the main soteriological theories. An interpretation is proposed of the possibility to be ‘in Adam’ for the descendants at the time of the fall, ‘to have sinned in him’ in that way and then to bear collective responsibility for it. Based on the definition of the Second Council of Constantinople (the Fifth Ecumenical,) it is concluded that there were no descendants’ souls ‘in Adam’, as they did not pre-exist the physical appearance. It indicates that there were no descendants’ souls ‘in Adam, so they could not ‘have sinned in him’. Despite the succession of the flesh, the descendants of Adam did not exist yet in the real sense. The physical succession is not sufficient to say that ‘a descendant existed inside of an ancestor’. A personality is neither inherited nor pre-existent. The article shows that a fair moral imputation of sin is possible only by virtue of following the free and conscious choice. Therefore, to ‘have sinned in Adam’ means to share with him the common nature (which underwent the influence of sin and became mortal) and to participate freely and consciously in the same sin that Adam did.

В статье рассматривается толкование одного из ключевых для понимания учения о первородном грехе мест из Св. Писания (Рим. 5: 12) в контексте основных сотериологических теорий. Предлагается осмысление возможности потомкам «быть в Адаме» в момент грехопадения и таким образом «согрешить в нем», а затем понести за это коллективную ответственность. На основании определения V Вселенского Собора делается вывод о том, что душ потомков «в Адаме» не было, так как они не предсуществуют физическому появлению. Это свидетельствует, что душ потомков «в Адаме» не было, поэтому они не могли «согрешить в нем». Несмотря на преемство плоти, потомков Адама в действительном смысле еще не существовало. Физическое преемство не является достаточным основанием говорить, что «потомок был в предке». В статье показано, что справедливое нравственное вменение греха возможно лишь в силу следования свободному и сознательному выбору. Поэтому «согрешить в Адаме» означает иметь с ним общую природу, которая подверглась действию греха (стала смертной) и свободно-сознательным участием в грехе аналогичным Адамову.

Keywords

ПЕРВОРОДНЫЙ ГРЕХ,"СОГРЕШИЛИ В АДАМЕ",ЮРИДИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕОРИЯ,КАДМОН,НАСЛЕДОВАНИЕ СМЕРТНОЙ ПРИРОДЫ,КОЛЛЕКТИВНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ,ВМЕНЕНИЕ ГРЕХА,ORIGINAL SIN,"IN ADAM ALL HAVE SINNED",SATISFACTION THEORY OF ATONEMENT,ADAM KADMON,INHERITANCE OF THE MORTAL NATURE,SHARED RESPONSIBILITY,THEIMPUTATION OF SIN

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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