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К проблеме трансформации европейской мысли в культуре русского Просвещения

К проблеме трансформации европейской мысли в культуре русского Просвещения

Abstract

Статья посвящена проблемам восприятия и осмысления русскими просветителями идей английского философа Френсиса Бэкона. В статье анализируется рукописный трактат Г. Р. Державина, являющийся переложением философии Бэкона, в сопоставлении с французским переложением А. Делейра и его русским переводом В. К. Тредиаковского, и обосновывается тезис о творческом характере исследуемых текстов. Многие идеи Бэкона формулировали духовный, нравственный, политический опыт авторов, а зачастую служили толчком к новому восприятию окружающего мира, к самопознанию. Особенно репрезентативно в этом смысле переложение Г. Р. Державина: подход поэта к проблемам общества основан на методах естественнонаучного познания и опирается на проведение аналогий между законами природы и общества; религия воспринимается как этический кодекс, свод нравственных законов, следование которым обеспечивает жизненную гармонию. Выполняя просветительскую программу, авторы переложений творили новые тексты, привнося в них частицу своего мировосприятия и жизненного опыта.

The article is devoted to perception and interpretation of F. Bacon`s ideas by Russian Enlightenment. Th e article examines the hand-written treatise by G. R. Derzhavin, which is regarded as an adaptation of philosophy of Bacon, in comparison to the adaptation by A. Deleyr and its Russian translation by V. K. Trediakovsky. The author argues in favour of a creative nature of these texts. Bacon influenced spiritual, moral, political views of many authors, and encouraged perception of ourselves and world from new perspectives. This approach was largely advocated by G. R. Derzhavin: a poet should discuss the problems of society in accordance with the methods of natural-science and analogies between laws of nature and society; the religion is perceived as an ethical code, the set of moral laws to follow to provide vital harmony. Achieving educational objectives of the Age of Enlightenment, the authors of these adaptations created new texts, which reveal their attitude to life and life experience.

Keywords

КУЛЬТУРА ПРОСВЕЩЕНИЯ, ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОЙ МЫСЛИ, ТВОРЧЕСКИЙ ХАРАКТЕР ПЕРЕЛОЖЕНИЙ, РЕЛИГИЯ, ПРИРОДА, УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ГОСУДАРСТВОМ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average