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Оптимизация терапии пациентов с хронической люмбалгией в амбулаторной практике

Оптимизация терапии пациентов с хронической люмбалгией в амбулаторной практике

Abstract

Люмбалгия один из наиболее часто встречающихся во врачебной практике болевых синдромов в области поясницы, который в подавляющем большинстве случаев имеет доброкачественный характер и обусловлен остеохондрозом позвоночника, травмой, растяжением или спазмом мышц. Первоочередная задача при обследовании пациента с люмбалгией убедиться в том, что боль является скелетно-мышечной и не связана с потенциально опасным заболеванием позвоночника, требующим немедленной специальной терапии. Цель исследования анализ эффективности амбулаторного лечения пациентов с хронической люмбалгией. Пациенты и методы. Проведено обследование 104 пациентов, находившихся под нашим наблюдением в Смоленском центре кинезитерапии. Основную группу составили 84 пациента (34 мужчины и 50 женщин; средний возраст 44,2+1,29 года) с хронической дорсалгией (длительность боли >3 мес, в среднем 7,6+6,83 года), контрольную группу -20 человек (10мужчин, 10 женщин; средний возраст 31,9+1,88 года) без боли в спине. По результатам неврологического обследования, магнитно-резонансной томографии, у 67(79,8%) пациентов выявлен неспецифический характер боли в спине, у 17(20,2%) радикулопатия. Всем пациентам предлагалось комплексное лечение, включающее фармакотерапию и кинезитерапию. Результаты. Через 2,5-3 мес после начала терапии боль регрессировала полностью у 29 (34,5%) пациентов и значительно уменьшилась у 27 (32,1%). У большинства больных после лечения улучшилось качество жизни. Пациенты, у которых терапия не была эффективной (n=26; 31%), регулярно не посещали занятия кинезитерапией, настороженно относились к физической реабилитации. Обсуждение. Результаты исследования показали высокую эффективность комплексного подхода в лечении хронической люмбалгии, что во многом связано с рациональной психотерапией, ранней активизацией пациентов, обучением адаптивному поведению.

Lumbago is one of the most common lower back pain syndromes in medical practice, which is benign in the vast majority of cases and caused by spinal osteochondrosis, injury, and muscle strain or spasm. The primary task of examining a patient with lumbago is to be certain that the pain is musculoskeletal and unassociated with a potentially dangerous spinal disease requiring emergency special therapy. Objective: to analyze the efficiency of treatment in outpatients with chronic lumbago. Patients and methods. One hundred and four patients followed up by us in the Smolensk Kinesitherapy Center were examined. A study group comprised 84 patients (34 men and 50 women; mean age 44.2+1.29 years) with dorsalgia (pain duration ≥3 months; mean 7.6+6.83 years); a control group included 20 persons (10 men and 10 women; mean age 31.9+1.88 years) without pain in the back. Neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging revealed nonspecific lower back pain in 67 (79.8%) patients and radiculopathy in 17 (20.2%). Combination treatment including pharmacotherapy and kinesitherapy was proposed in all the patients. Results. 2.5-3 months after the initiation of therapy, pain regressed completely in 29 (34.5%) patients and was considerably alleviated in 27 (32.1%). Quality of life after therapy improved in the majority of patients. The patients in whom therapy was ineffective (n = 26; 31%) did not attend kinesitherapy classes and were cautious towards physical rehabilitation. Discussion. The findings indicated the high efficiency of a comprehensive approach to treating chronic lumbago, which is largely associated with rational psychotherapy, early patient activation, and adaptive behavior training.

Keywords

ЛЮМБАЛГИЯ, ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ НЕСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКАЯ БОЛЬ В СПИНЕ, РАДИКУЛОПАТИЯ, ФАРМАКОТЕРАПИЯ, КИНЕЗИТЕРАПИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold