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О прогнозировании токсического воздействия выбросов гексафторида урана

О прогнозировании токсического воздействия выбросов гексафторида урана

Abstract

The quantitative assessment of uranium hexafluoride (UF 6 ) impact on workers of atomic industry factories is performed. The different conditions are considered in which a person can find oneself under the emergency with one-time uranium hexafluoride discharge, and the stationary production conditions are discussed when weak technological emissions of this gas are possible from the vessels for its storage. A mathematical model of processes of formation and sedimentation of uranium hexafluoride and products of its hydrolysis in the enclosed space is described. The calculation method is given in the context of the model for determining the concentration of the uranium and fluorine atoms in the air of the working rooms, the density of a flow of these particles in case of emergency discharge of gaseous uranium hexafluoride and during the stationary production process. These quantities are governing in formation of the uranium and fluorine mass doses entering the human body through the inhalation and percutaneous penetration. The equations are given that describe a process of air pollution in the industrial room and subsequent sediment of products of uranium hexafluoride hydrolysis on the industrial surfaces. The conditions and simplifying suggestions are considered under which the initial equations are solved. The values calculated numerically and distribution of concentrations of the uranium and fluorine atoms in the volume of industrial room are given that underlie the calculation of doses of the most significant inhalation penetration of uranium and fluorine

Проведена количественная оценка воздействия гексафторида урана (UF 6 ) на сотрудников предприятий атомной промышленности. Рассмотрены различные условия, в которых может оказаться человек при аварийной ситуации разового выброса гексафторида урана, а также стационарные производственные условия, когда возможны слабые технологические выходы этого газа из емкостей для его хранения. Описана математическая модель процессов формирования и оседания гексафторида урана и продуктов его гидролиза в закрытом помещении. В ее рамках приведен расчетный метод определения концентрации атомов урана и фтора в воздухе рабочего помещения, плотности потока этих частиц при аварийном выбросе газообразного гексафторида урана и при стационарном производственном процессе. Эти величины являются определяющими в формировании доз по массе урана и фтора, проникающих в организм человека при ингаляционном и перкутанном поступлениях. Даны уравнения, описывающие процесс загрязнения атмосферы производственного помещения и дальнейшего оседания продуктов гидролиза гексафторида урана на производственные поверхности. Рассмотрены условия и упрощающие предположения, при которых решаются исходные уравнения. Приведены полученные расчетным путем величины и распределение концентраций атомов урана и фтора в объеме рабочего помещения, лежащие в основе расчета доз наиболее значимого ингаляционного поступления урана и фтора

Keywords

ГЕКСАФТОРИД УРАНА, УРАН, ФТОР, МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ, ИНГАЛЯЦИОННОЕ ПОСТУПЛЕНИЕ, ПЕРКУТАННОЕ ПОСТУПЛЕНИЕ, ДОЗА

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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze