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Определение концентрации малых кластеров в газах через вероятности их распада и захвата мономеров

Определение концентрации малых кластеров в газах через вероятности их распада и захвата мономеров

Abstract

Обычно концентрация кластеров определяется по закону действующих масс. В статье доказывается некорректность использования этого закона применительно к одному и тому же веществу, хотя и состоящему не только из мономеров, но и комплексов двух, трёх и более частиц. Классическим путем выводится выражение для сечения и вероятности захвата кластером мономеров. Далее в предположении, что ударяющая о кластер частица образует кратковременное объединение и что энергия этой частицы распределяется между всеми молекулами кластера, выводится вероятность распада кластера. Приравнивая вероятности захвата и распада, автор получает уравнение, связывающее концентрации кластеров размерностей n, n – 1 и мономеров. Цепочка уравнений получается бесконечной. Чтобы её оборвать, необходимо определить максимальный размер кластера при данных условиях. Приравнивая указанные выше вероятности, записанные для одного и того же кластера, получаем уравнение, из которого находится максимальный размер кластера при данных давлении и температуре. Оказалось, что при приближении к критической температуре максимальный размер кластера уменьшается.

Typically, the concentration of clusters is determined by the law of mass action. The article does not prove the correctness of the use of the law in relation to the same matter, though consisting not only of monomers and complexes but two, three or more particles. Classically derived an expression for the cross section and the probability of capture of a cluster of monomers. Next, assuming that the particle hits the cluster forms a short-term integration and the energy of the particle is distributed among all the molecules of the cluster displays the decay of the cluster. Equating the probability of capture and decay, the author gets the equation relating the concentration of clusters of dimension n, n – 1 and monomers. The chain of equations turns out to be infinite. To tear off her, you must define the maximum cluster size under these conditions. Equating the above probability recorded for the same cluster, we obtain the equation that is the maximum cluster size for the given pressure and temperature. Found that at temperatures approaching the critical maximum cluster size decreases.

Keywords

КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЯ, КЛАСТЕР, ЭНЕРГИЯ, ВЕРОЯТНОСТЬ, СЕЧЕНИЕ ЗАХВАТА

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold