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Роль интраоперационного ультразвукового исследования в хирургическом лечении рака щитовидной железы (обзор литературы)

Роль интраоперационного ультразвукового исследования в хирургическом лечении рака щитовидной железы (обзор литературы)

Abstract

Злокачественные опухоли области головы и шеи, включая рак щитовидной железы (РЩЖ), характеризуются высоким риском метастазирования в регионарные лимфатические узлы (ЛУ). Состояние ЛУ не только влияет на тактику лечения больных с опухолями головы и шеи в целом и опухолями щитовидной железы в частности, но и является наиболее значимым прогностическим фактором. Удаление пораженных опухолью ЛУ шеи снижает риск рецидивов и смертность у больных РЩЖ. В связи с развитием технологий современные ультразвуковые аппараты позволяют выявлять опухолевые узлы в лимфатическом аппарате шеи, имеющие минимальные размеры (5-10 мм), которые далеко не всегда удается обнаружить при ревизии операционного поля хирургом, в особенности при рецидивах или ранее проведенной лучевой терапии. В связи с этим пораженные опухолью ЛУ могут быть оставлены в ране при проведении лимфодиссекции, что снизит радикальность и эффективность лечения. В работе освещены возможности интраоперационного ультразвукового исследования как метода предоставления информации о локализации непальпируемых очаговых образований, границах распространения опухолей, снижения риска проведения нерадикальных операций или необязательного расширения объема операций при РЩЖ с поражением лимфатического аппарата шеи.

Head and neck cancers, including thyroid carcinomas, are characterized by high risk of metastasizing in regional lymph nodes. Lymph nodes status determines treatment of thyroid cancer as well as disease prognosis. Excision of affected lymph nodes is associated with risk reduction of relapse and reduction of mortality. However surgical treatment can be associated with some difficulties. Due to technologic progress modern ultrasonographs offer the possibility to visualize minimal tumor nodes (5-10 mm), which are characterized with complexity of localization during surgical manipulation, particularly in patients with relapses, that previously passed treatment (surgery and/or radiation therapy). These lymph nodes can be missed during surgical treatment, which will lead to reduction of treatment efficacy. The paper details utility of intraoperative ultrasound investigation as a method of obtaining information about localization of nonpalpable tumor nodes, cancer extension, reduction the possibility of non-radical surgical treatment and unnecessary extension of surgical treatment in patients with thyroid cancers, characterized with regional lymph nodes involvement.

Keywords

РАК ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ, ПОРАЖЕНИЕ РЕГИОНАРНЫХ ЛИМФАТИЧЕСКИХ УЗЛОВ, РЕЦИДИВ, ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ, ИНТРАОПЕРАЦИОННОЕ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold
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