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Качество инженерных изысканий как фактор формирования устойчивых природно-техногенных систем

Качество инженерных изысканий как фактор формирования устойчивых природно-техногенных систем

Abstract

Construction in urban areas is often related to reusing previously developed sites, which requires solving additional tasks both by builders and surveyors additional. The tasks are related to the evaluation of already changed natural (geological) environment of this area and its further investigation in connection with the proposed creation of a new natural-technogenic system (NTS). This article presents some examples of the influence of engineering survey quality on adopting extraordinary project solutions excluding the negative impact on NTS formation in the process of construction and operation of facilities in Moscow. In particular it is stated that the lack of control in the process of land works and transfer from the platform of water-bearing communications may ultimately lead to a different change in the strength and deformation properties of soil at the base of structures, and in some cases to geoecological disfuncion of the newly created NTS due to adverse geological processes development. The author draws attention to the complexity and responsibility of engineering geological surveys in the areas of developing powerful (>10 m) strata of bulk soils. The article considers some aspects of the influence of the temperature regime of soils in the foundation structures active zone on heat and moisture transfer in these soils, their condition and deformation properties in city area. A particular example of the construction of a high-rise building in Moscow has shown that the presence of heat-bearing communications within 3—10 m from the earth's surface may increase the annual average temperature of the strata up to 30 degrees and more, thus, dismantling such communications leads to different changes in the established temperature regime and conditions of clay soils. It is noted that the forecast of the change in basic physical and mechanical properties of the base soil in urban conditions is not possible without thermometric work during engineering-geological researches.

Строительство на урбанизированных территориях связано часто с повторным использованием ранее освоенных участков, что требует как от строителей, так и от изыскателей решения дополнительных задач, связанных с оценкой уже ранее измененной на данном участке природной (геологической) среды и ее дальнейшем исследованием в связи с предполагаемым созданием здесь новой природно-техногенной системы (ПТС). Приведен ряд примеров влияния качества проведенных инженерных изысканий на принятие неординарных проектных решений, исключающих негативное воздействие на формирование ПТС в процессе строительства и эксплуатации сооружений в г. Москве. В частности указано, что отсутствие контроля в процессе производства земельных работ и переноса с площадки водонесущих коммуникаций в конечном итоге может привести к разному изменению прочностных и деформационных свойств грунтов основания сооружений, а в отдельных случаях к нарушению геоэкологических условий вновь созданной ПТС за счет развития неблагоприятных геологических процессов. Обращается внимание на сложность и ответственность инженерно-геологических изысканий в районах развития мощной (более 10 м) толщи насыпных грунтов. Рассмотрены некоторые аспекты влияния температурного режима грунтов активной зоны основания сооружений на тепловлагоперенос в этих грунтах, их состояние и деформационные свойства в городских условиях. На конкретном примере строительства высотного дома в г. Москве показано, что наличие теплонесущих коммуникаций в пределах 3…10 м от поверхности земли могут повышать среднегодовую температуру этой толщи до 30 и более градусов, при этом демонтаж таких коммуникаций приводит к разному изменению установившегося температурного режима и изменению состояния глинистых грунтов. Обращается внимание, что прогноз изменения основных физико-механических свойств грунтов основания в городских условиях не возможен без обязательного проведения термометрических работ при инженерно-геологических изысканиях.

Keywords

ИНЖЕНЕРНО-ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗЫСКАНИЯ,ENGINEERING-GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS,ПРИРОДНО-ТЕХНОГЕННАЯ СИСТЕМА,NATURAL-TECHNOGENIC SYSTEM,НАСЫПНЫЕ ГРУНТЫ,TEMPERATURE REGIME OF SOILS,САНАЦИЯ ЗАСТРАИВАЕМОЙ ТЕРРИТОРИИ,ACTIVE BASE AREA,АКТИВНАЯ ЗОНА ОСНОВАНИЯ,ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫЙ РЕЖИМ ГРУНТОВ,ТЕПЛОВЛАГОПЕРЕНОС,МОДУЛЬ ДЕФОРМАЦИИ,DEFORMATION MODULE,FILL SOIL,SANITATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION'S TERRITORY,TRANSFER OF HEAT AND MOISTURE

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold