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Кант между либерализмом и консерватизмом

Кант между либерализмом и консерватизмом

Abstract

Кант имеет репутацию одного из виднейших защитников политического либерализма. Однако в его философии заметны и консервативные идеи. Представляется, что их последствия достаточно глубоки для того, чтобы предложить пересмотреть сложившуюся оценку Канта как безоговорочного «либерала». В целом либеральное представление о ценностях и целях политического процесса в философии Канта (далекое, однако, от крайностей плюрализма и индивидуализма некоторых современных либеральных концепций) в значительной мере уравновешивается сдержанной оценкой перспектив их достижения, основанной на понимании человеческой природы в рамках «практической антропологии», сходном с консервативным скептицизмом. Либерализм Канта находится в плоскости, которую он сам называет «метафизической»,«чистой», в то время как его оценка «эмпирических», «реальных» перспектив осуществления либерального проекта близка к консервативной.

Kant has a reputation of one of the chief proponents of political liberalism. However, some of his important ideas can qualify as conservative. Their consequences are reaching far enough to suggest a reevaluation of Kant as an unconditional liberal. Kant's generally liberal understanding of aims and values of a political process (which is, however, quite remote from the pluralism and individualism of some contemporary theories) is balanced by his reservations concerning the prospects of their realization, based on his «empirical anthropology», which is remarkably close to conservative skepticism. Kant's liberalism lies in the domain that he called «pure» or «metaphysical», whereas his «empirical», «real-world» estimation of the prospects of liberal project is approaching conservatism.

Keywords

ЛИБЕРАЛИЗМ,КОНСЕРВАТИЗМ,ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ,"ПРАКТИЧЕСКАЯ АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ" КАНТА,LIBERALISM,CONSERVATISM,POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY,KANT''S "PRACTICAL ANTHROPOLOGY"

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold