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Один из подходов к изучению темы «Физическая модель идеального газа и распределение Максвелла по скоростям молекул»

Один из подходов к изучению темы «Физическая модель идеального газа и распределение Максвелла по скоростям молекул»

Abstract

The Maxwell velocity distribution is derived in framework of a classical model of an ideal molecular gas. The gas is considered to be an absolutely homogeneous and isotropic environment in which the number of particles in each selected volume is supposed to be very large and fixed. When external impact on the system is absent the directions of molecular velocities are fully random. Modules of the velocities may vary from zero to infinity but the distribution function has a characteristic maximum for those velocities of molecules for which the kinetic energy of the molecules is comparable to the temperature of the gas. The proposed method of obtaining the Maxwell distribution can be useful both for college teachers who teach molecular physics and thermodynamics, and for school teachers in classes with profound study of physics.

В рамках классической модели идеального газа выводится распределение Максвелла по скоростям. Предполагается, что газ представляет собой изотропную однородную среду, в котором число частиц в каждом выделенном объеме фиксировано, но очень велико. При отсутствии внешних воздействий на систему в силу изотропии направления скоростей молекул в пространстве являются совершенно случайными. При этом модули величин скоростей изменяют свои значения от нуля до бесконечности, но функция распределения имеет характерный максимум для тех скоростей, когда кинетическая энергия молекул сравнима с температурой газа. Предложенный вывод распределения Максвелла может быть полезным как преподавателям, читающим молекулярную физику и термодинамику в курсе общей физики в вузе, так и преподавателям школы в классах с углубленным изучением физики.

Keywords

ИДЕАЛЬНЫЙ ГАЗ,IDEAL GAS,РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ МАКСВЕЛЛА,MAXWELL DISTRIBUTION,КОНЦЕНТРАЦИЯ,CONCENTRATION,ВЕРОЯТНОСТЬ,PROBABILITY

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average