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Зеркальные клетки и социальная когниция в норме и при шизофрении

Зеркальные клетки и социальная когниция в норме и при шизофрении

Abstract

В обзоре обобщены основные направления изучения зеркальных клеток в современной нейробиологии в норме и при шизофрении. В частности, рассматриваются вопросы развития и локализации зеркальных клеток у человека, нейрофизиология зеркальных нейронов ( μ -ритм), участие системы зеркальных нейронов в обеспечении сложных двигательных актов, процессов их инициации на этапе формирования намерения, имитации и моторного воображения, вклад зеркальных нейронов в понимание языка, а также обеспечение более иерархически сложных процессов социального познания, таких как распознавание намерений и действий окружающих (theory of mind), эмпатия, эмоции и социальное взаимодействие. Нарушение в системе зеркальных клеток при шизофрении рассматривается с позиции их вклада в трудности построения адекватной внутренней модели сознания другого (theory of mind), ее связи с психопатологической симптоматикой.

The review summarizes current directions in studying of mirror neurons in the contemporary neurobiology. It covers questions on the development of mirror neurons and their spatial distribution in the brain, neurophysiology (μ-rhythm) of mirror neurons and their functional properties: mirror neuron system in motor acts and specifically in the development of intentions, imitation and motor imagery, mirror neuron system in language understanding, and also impact of mirror neuron system on the hierarchi cally more complex social cognitive processes, such as understanding of the intentions and acts of the others (theory of mind), empathy, emotions, social interactions. Dysfunction in mirror neuron system in schizophrenia is shown as a major contributor in the disturbances in the construction of the adequate theory of mind, its connection with psychopathology.

Keywords

ЗЕРКАЛЬНЫЕ КЛЕТКИ, ДВИГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ АКТЫ, ЯЗЫК, СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ КОГНИЦИЯ, ВНУТРЕННЯЯ МОДЕЛЬ СОЗНАНИЯ ДРУГОГО, ШИЗОФРЕНИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average