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Древнерусская печать как Текст

Древнерусская печать как Текст

Abstract

Основная функция печати свидетельствование достоверности скрепленного ею текста. Если булла скрепляла документ, то по ней можно было определить, полномочен ли был владелец печати утвердить данный документ. Если же речь шла о переписке, то печать подтверждала происхождение послания, и по ней, следовательно, можно было определить, действительно ли послание исходит от того лица, на которое содержится указание в тексте. Следовательно, изобразительные символы и их комбинации на печатях можно рассматривать как своего рода язык знаковую систему, чтение которой не должно было составлять труда для современников. Печати, как и любой другой вид исторических источников, требуют проведения источниковедческого исследования, включающего, как минимум, классификацию и систематизацию. Классификация предполагает выявление элементов, использовавшихся при оформлении печати, установления иерархии этих элементов и определение их смыслового значения в «языке печати». Задачей систематизации является выявление комбинаций известных элементов и проведение процедуры «чтения печати». Только детальная классификация и аргументированная систематизация печатей позволят дешифровать информацию, содержащуюся в сфрагистическом типе.

The main purpose of seal is to verify the authenticity of the text to which it is attached. If bulla verified a document, it should allow one to understand whether the seal’s owner had the authority to confirm this document. In case of correspondence, seal confirmed the message’s origin and, therefore, allowed one to discover whether the message came from the person mentioned in the text. Therefore, graphic symbols and their combinations on seals might be analysed as a kind of language, i. e. a system of signs easily readable by contemporaries. Like historical sources of any other kind, seals should be studied as particular source including at least their classification and systematization. Classification intends to uncover design elements of the seal, to place these elements as a hierarchy, and to determine their semantic in the «seal language». Systematization is aimed at the determination of the combination of known elements and at the procedure of the «reading the seal». Detailed classification in the only way to decipher the information contained in the sigillographic type.

Keywords

ПЕЧАТЬ,ГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ СИМВОЛЫ,УСЛОВНЫЕ ОБОЗНАЧЕНИЯ,КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ,СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦИЯ,ТЕКСТ,SEAL,GRAPHIC SYMBOLS,LEGEND,CLASSIFICATION,SYSTEMATIZATION,TEXT

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average