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«Американская однополярность» и системный баланс сил в начале XXI в

«Американская однополярность» и системный баланс сил в начале XXI в

Abstract

The concepts of "unipolarity" and "balance of power" are among the most well-known and debated in terms of the modern theory of international relations. Thus, in recent years the attention of scholars is increasingly attracted to the phenomenon of so called "American unipolarity", which has remained stable for over a quarter-century, despite the predictions of many theorists, who regarded the formation of alliances and coalitions aimed at balancing the U.S. Power, and the onset of a multipolar world, as inevitable. As a consequence, the analysis of the nature of today''s unipolar international system, as well as the specifics of functioning of the balance of forces in it, are of great research interest. It is obvious that the traditional methodological approaches overemphasize the role of structural and material factors of the dynamics of international systems and do not have suffi cient explanatory potential. Th erefore it is necessary to pay special attention to the intangible ("ideational") aspects of contemporary unipolarity (perception of threats, legitimacy and intentions of the superpower, its ideology and so on), which play an important role in maintaining the stability of the international system established after the end of the Cold War. This will identify the key factors of stability of the contemporary international system, as well as to formulate the most likely scenarios for its evolution in the future. Refs 22.

Понятия «однополярность» и «баланс сил» относятся к числу наиболее известных и дискутируемых терминов в современной теории международных отношений. Так, в последние годы внимание ученых все чаще привлекает феномен «американской однополярности», сохраняющей устойчивость на протяжении четверти века, несмотря на предсказания многих теоретиков, считавших неизбежным формирование союзов и коалиций, направленных на уравновешивание мощи США, и наступление многополярного мира. Как следствие, анализ природы современной однополярной международной системы, а также специфики функционирования механизмов баланса сил в ней представляют несомненный исследовательский интерес. При этом очевидно, что традиционные методологические подходы, абсолютизирующие роль структурных и материальных факторов динамики международных систем, не обладают достаточным объяснительным потенциалом. Поэтому необходимо обратить особое внимание на нематериальные («идеационные») аспекты современной однополярности (восприятие угроз, легитимность и намерения сверхдержавы, специфика ее идеологии), играющие важную роль в процессе поддержания стабильности международной системы, сложившейся после окончания «холодной войны». Это позволит выявить ключевые факторы стабильности современной международной системы, а также сформулировать наиболее вероятные сценарии ее эволюции в будущем. Библиогр. 22 назв.

Keywords

ОДНОПОЛЯРНОСТЬ,UNIPOLARITY,БАЛАНС СИЛ,BALANCE OF POWER,МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ СТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ,INTERNATIONAL STABILITY,УРАВНОВЕШИВАНИЕ,BALANCING,ДОМИНИРУЮЩАЯ ДЕРЖАВА,DOMINANT POWER,США,UNITED STATES,ЛЕГИТИМНОСТЬ,LEGITIMACY,МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ СИСТЕМА,INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM,СИСТЕМНАЯ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ,SYSTEMIC TRANSFORMATION,МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ,INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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