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Фторидный метод получения наночастиц аморфного кремнезема из кремнеземсодержащего сырья

Фторидный метод получения наночастиц аморфного кремнезема из кремнеземсодержащего сырья

Abstract

Исследованы физико-химические условия особенностей процессов комплексной переработки кремнеземсодержащего сырья. Установлено, что переработка измельченного кварцевого песка происходит в четыре стадии: химическое взаимодействие исходного сырья под действием гидродифторида аммония (NH4HF2) при температурах 100–200 °С с образованием порошкообразного спека; термическая обработка полученного спека в температурном интервале 300–500 °С с извлечением гексафторсиликата аммония высокой химической чистоты; синтез наночастиц аморфного кремнезема из водного раствора (NH4)2SiF6 и аммиачной воды (NH4OH) при температурах 20–90 °С; восстановление дополнительных реагентов (NH4HF2 и NH4OH). Определено, что условия синтеза влияют на физико-химические свойства аморфного кремнезема и на степень его извлечения. Получены нанодисперсные порошки аморфного кремнезема со средними размерами наночастиц 17–89 nm и удельной поверхностью 92–508 м2/г. В результате проведенных теоретических и экспериментальных исследований разработан эффективный метод получения наночастиц аморфного кремнезема из доступных и дешевых кварцевых песков.

Physico-chemical conditions of various features of the processes of complex processing of silica containing raw materials. It is established that processing of crushed quartz sand passes four stages: chemical interaction of initial stocks with ammonium hydrofluoride (NH4HF2) at 100–200 °С with the formation of powdery sinter; thermal treatment of formatted sinter in 300–500 °С temperature range with extraction of ammonium hexafluosilicate ((NH4)2SiF6) of high chemical purity; synthesis of amorphous silica nanoparticles from water solution of ammonium hexafluosilicate and ammonia water (NH4OH) at 20–90 °С; reducing of additional reagents (NH4HF2 and NH4OH). It is determined that synthesis conditions influence on physico-chemical properties of amorphous silica and on its extraction degree. Nanodispersed powders with 17–89 nm average nanoparticles sizes and 92–508 m2/g specific surface are produced. Curing experimental and theoretical investigations result in the development of effective method of producing of amorphous silica nanoparticles from accessible and inexpensive quartz sinters.

Keywords

КРЕМНЕЗЕМСОДЕРЖАЩЕЕ СЫРЬЕ, ФТОРИДНАЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКА, ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЙ МЕТОД, НАНОЧАСТИЦЫ АМОРФНОГО КРЕМНЕЗЕМА, ПОЛЕЗНЫЕ КОМПОНЕНТЫ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold