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Проблема классификации количественных существительных в немецком языке

Проблема классификации количественных существительных в немецком языке

Abstract

This work is dedicated to the semantic classification of quantitative noun on the basis of a structural study (Nquant + (Adj) +N) (ein Glas frisches Wasser), since this model reveals the greatest variety of grammatical formulation. These word combinations can form by the genitive government eine Tasse starken Kaffees by the grammatical agreement ein Eimer kaltes Wasser, or by the adjunction mit einem Korb reife Apfel. The suggested classification of the noun performing the function of the first components is based on the form of the noun acting as the first component. Types of the first components fall into three groups: 1. The nouns, which specify quantitative characteristics of objects and substances. Two subgroups are also distingshed: word combinations with a noun in a singular form Nquant1a as the second component and word combinations with a noun in a plural form as the second component Nquant1b; 2. The nouns defining a group of living beings and objects Nquant2; 3. The nouns which formation is grounded on quantitative nouns Nquant3. Normative recommendations on the choice of subordinate connection type should be connected at least at the present stage of existence of German literary language, exactly with the semantics of the nouns which are the first components in these word combinations. The article illustrates that all types of constructions (organizes whether on the basis of government, agreement and or adjunction) are connected with the completely specific semantic characteristics of the name, i.e., these nouns belong to one of three groups of noun first components.

Данная работа посвящена семантической классификации количественных существительных на основе исследования структурного типа (Nquant + (Adj)+N) (ein Glas frisches Wasser), так как эта модель обнаруживает наибольшее разнообразие грамматического оформления. Данные словосочетания могут оформляться либо при помощи генитивного управления eine Tasse starken Kaffees, либо при помощи согласования ein Eimer kaltes Wasser, либо при помощи примыкания mit einem Korb reife Apfel. В основу предложенной классификации существительных, выступающих в роли первых компонентов, положено число существительного, выступающего в роли второго компонента. В качестве первого компонента различаем: существительные, обозначающие количественные характеристики предметов, веществ. При этом выделяются две подгруппы: словосочетания со вторым компонентом существительным в единственном числе Nquant1a и словосочетания со вторым компонентом существительным во множественном числе Nquant1b; существительные, обозначающие совокупность живых существ и предметов Nquant2; существительные, образованные от количественных числительных Nquant3. Нормативные рекомендации по выбору вида подчинительной связи следует связывать на данном этапе существования немецкого литературного языка именно с семантикой существительных первых компонентов этих словосочетаний. В статье показано, что все типы конструкций (словосочетания, организованные на основе управления, согласования и примыкания) связаны с совершенно определёнными семантическими характеристиками имени, то есть принадлежностью к одной из групп существительных первых компонентов.

Keywords

КВАНТИТАТИВНЫЕ СЛОВОСОЧЕТАНИЯ, ПАДЕЖ, РОД, МНОЖЕСТВЕННОЕ ЧИСЛО, ЕДИНСТВЕННОЕ ЧИСЛО, ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНОЕ, ПРИЧАСТИЕ, ВИД ПОДЧИНИТЕЛЬНОЙ СВЯЗИ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold