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Экспертная диагностика состояния устной речи дошкольников в бюро медико-социальной экспертизы

Экспертная диагностика состояния устной речи дошкольников в бюро медико-социальной экспертизы

Abstract

Психологическая диагностика является важным компонентом государственной услуги по освидетельствованию детей дошкольного возраста в бюро медико-социальной экспертизы смешанного и специализированного профиля. В процессе экспертной психологической диагностики дошкольников верифицируются и объективизируются симптомы нарушений психической деятельности, которые затем объединяются в патопсихологический симптомокомплекс, уточняется стойкость и степень выраженности нарушений. Обязательными составляющими экспертной психодиагностики является оценка нарушенных и сохранных сторон психической деятельности ребенка, состояния его поведенческой и эмоционально-волевой сферы, познавательно-игровой деятельности, определение зоны ближайшего развития. В процессе психодиагностики выявляются и оцениваются симптомы отклонений в развитии речи, механизм нарушения, его причины. Эти данные необходимы для формирования клинико-функционального диагноза, оценки реабилитационного потенциала ребенка, формирования комплекса реабилитационных мероприятий. Предлагаются используемые нами в экспертной работе критерии и способы оценки нарушений языковых и речевых функций у данной категории освидетельствованных. Приводятся методики, предназначенные для диагностики нарушений устной речи у детей. Предложен алгоритм, способствующий выявлению и объективизации степени выраженности и стойкости речевых нарушений посредством экспериментально-психологического обследования.

Psychological diagnostics is an important component of the state service on the inspection of preschool children in the medico-social examination bureau of mixed and specialized profile. Symptoms of mental dysfunctions are verified and objectivised in the process of expert psychological diagnosis of preschoolers, which are then combined in pathopsychological symptom, resistance and severity of violations are specified. Obligatory components of the psycho-diagnostics expert assessment are damaged and intact sides of child mental activity, the state of his behavioral and emotional-volitional, cognitive-gaming activities, the determination of proximal development zone. The symptoms of abnormalities in the development of speech, pathophysiological mechanisms, its causes are identified and assessed in the process of psycho-diagnostics. These data are necessary for the formation of clinical and functional diagnosis, assessment of rehabilitation potential of the child, formation of rehabilitation measures complex. The article suggests that we use in the expert work of the criteria and methods of evaluation of disorders of language and speech functions in this category being examined. Techniques are intended to diagnose disorders of speech in children. An algorithm is proposed, which facilitates identification and objectification of the severity and persistence of speech disorders by experimental psychological examination.

Keywords

МЕДИКО-СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ЭКСПЕРТИЗА, ДЕТИ ДОШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА, РЕЧЕВЫЕ И ЯЗЫКОВЫЕ ФУНКЦИИ, ЭКСПРЕССИВНАЯ И ИМПРЕССИВНАЯ РЕЧЬ, НАРУШЕНИЯ РЕЧИ, ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ОБСЛЕДОВАНИЕ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold