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Заметки на полях этнографии выборов

Заметки на полях этнографии выборов

Abstract

Статья посвящена этнографической интерпретации процедуры голосования на федеральных выборах. В первой части работы рассматриваются два подхода к анализу дня выборов, предложенные (1) В. Вахштайном как пример фреймового анализа и (2) К. Коулз, трактующей голосование как вариант научной лаборатории. Во второй части статьи анализируются собственные материалы автора, полученные во время работы наблюдателем на выборах президента РФ 4 марта 2012 г. В центре внимания находится символика пространственной организации голосования и связанные с ней особенности поведения участников выборов. В работе делается вывод о ритуальном значении голосования, понимаемом его участниками как превращение формальной галочки в социально-значимый голос. Именно поэтому пространство выбора является пространством ритуала, символика которого во многом определяет поведение избирателей. Как показано в работе, избирательный участок является примером жестко организованного дисциплинарного поля с ярко выраженными знаками присутствия власти. Центральным моментом ритуала, требующим соблюдения тайны, является для избирателей является не действие по заполнению бюллетеня, а, наоборот, акт отчуждения голоса опускание бюллетеня в урну, который вследствие пространственной организации участка оказывается в центре наблюдения.

The paper is concerned with ethnographic interpretations of the voting procedure at the Federal elections. The first part of the article addresses two ways of analyzing E-day proposed by (1) V. Vakhshtain as an example of frame analysis, and (2) K. Coles who treats the voting procedure as a scientific laboratory. The second part of the paper draws upon material collected by the author while working as an observer at the election of the President of Russian Federation on 4th March 2012. The symbolic meanings of the voting space and the interaction of the voters are part of the core focus. The paper concludes with an assertion about E-day, which acts as a ritual converting the formal tick into a socially meaningful vote. This is why polling stations are a symbolic space which significantly affects the behaviour of voters. It is stated in the paper that the polling station is an example of a strongly organized disciplinary field with substantial signs of the presence of power. The central point of the ritual which, in the opinion of voters, requires secrecy is not the filling in of the ballot but rather the act of dropping of the ballot into the ballot-box, which appears at the centre of the observed space owing to the way the polling station is laid out.

Keywords

ЭТНОГРАФИЯ ВЫБОРОВ,ETHNOGRAPHY OF ELECTIONS,РИТУАЛ,RITUAL,ИНТЕРПРЕТАТИВНАЯ АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ,INTERPRETATIVE ANTHROPOLOGY,СИМВОЛИКА ПРОСТРАНСТВА,SYMBOLIC SPACE

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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