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Университетская наука в России: перенос западной модели и риски перспективного развития

Университетская наука в России: перенос западной модели и риски перспективного развития

Abstract

The paper keeps the analytical review of main support mechanisms for universities' R&D development in some OECD countries and their comparison with the certain measures in Russia. It is found that the Russia public R&D policy has accepted some foreign approaches to advance in university science. This coincidence takes place due to the common problem of low-level corporation demands for research results achieved by universities. Applied to the Russian university and non-university R&D sectors the “predatorprey” model creates a researchers' number forecast up to 2020. Particularly, it unveils the “university bubble” that will burst out in 2018 and tend to destroy the Russian R&D sector as a whole. The key reason of the crisis is a redundant concentration of researchers in universities when they have no perspectives to move to corporate or academic science. It makes actual nowadays forming effective mechanisms of inter sector researchers' mobility. However, launching such mechanisms and, hence, prevention of the “university bubble” will happen, if the corporate and academic R&D sectors are organized in a new much more effective way than the current one.

Статье представлен аналитический обзор основных механизмов поддержки вузовской науки в развитых странах и проведено их сопоставление с российской практикой. Сделан вывод о высоком уровне восприимчивости в государственной научно-технической политике России зарубежных моделей развития вузовской науки, что обусловлено, в том числе общей проблемой недостаточной востребованности результатов университетских исследований со стороны корпоративного сектора. С использованием модели «хищник-жертва» построен прогноз численности исследователей в вузовской и невузовской науке России на период до 2020 года. Прогнозируемое к 2018 году перенасыщение университетской науки исследователями разрушает сектор исследований и разработок в целом, и, таким образом, актуализирует заблаговременное выстраивание механизмов перелива научных кадров из вузов в корпоративную и академическую науку. Функционирование таких механизмов и соответственно преодоление ожидаемого кризиса университетской науки возможно при условии организации функционирования корпоративной и академической науки на качественно новом уровне

Keywords

УНИВЕРСИТЕТСКАЯ НАУКА, ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ НАУЧНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА, ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ В УНИВЕРСИТЕТАХ, НАУЧНЫЕ КАДРЫ, МЕЖСЕКТОРАЛЬНОЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕ НАУЧНЫХ КАДРОВ, КРИЗИС УНИВЕРСИТЕТСКОЙ НАУКИ, МОДЕЛЬ "ХИЩНИК-ЖЕРТВА", PUBLIC POLICY IN R&D, HUMAN RESOURCES IN R&D, INTER-SECTOR RESEARCHERS' MOBILITY, "PREDATOR-PREY" MODEL

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold