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Эффективность двусторонней фототерапии при неонатальной желтухе и факторы, влияющие на ее тяжесть

Эффективность двусторонней фототерапии при неонатальной желтухе и факторы, влияющие на ее тяжесть

Abstract

In the recent years, neonatal jaundice has been showing a tendency toward the protracted clinical course (hyperbilirubinemia). Up to now, there are no generally accepted criteria for the pathological nature of hyperbilirubinemia. Phototherapy is the most popular method for the treatment of this pathological condition. The present study included 173 newborn infants presenting with diagnosis of neonatal jaundice. All these patients underwent the comprehensive clinical, laboratory, and instrumental examination. They were divided into two groups. The study group (n = 125) was comprised of the children given bilateral (from top and from below) phototherapy with the use of an ATF-“Svetonyanya” apparatus. The control group contained 50 newborn infants treated by means of unilateral (only from the top) phototherapy with the help of the sane apparatus. It was shown that the main factors influencing the severity of neonatal jaundice were gestosis, maternal endocrine pathology, blood group, the low Apgar score at the first minute, and the bilirubin level in umbilical blood. The rate of reduction of bilirubinemia in the study group was 25 mcmol/l per 24 hours or higher whereas it did not exceed 15 mcmol/l per 24 hours in the control group (p < 0.05). These findings provided a basis for the withdrawal of phototherapy in all the children of the study group within 48-56 hours after its initiation while the treatment of the control children continued during 72-120 hours after the onset of phototherapy. It is concluded that bilateral phototherapy increases the rate of reduction of the indirect bilirubin level and can be prescribed to the newborn children especially to those at high risk of development of neonatal jaundice.

В последние годы отмечена тенденция к более длительному (затяжному) течению неонатальной желтухи (гипербилирубинемии). До настоящего времени не выявлены критерии, по которым можно было бы предположить патологическое течение гипербилирубинемии. Фототерапия это наиболее широко используемый метод консервативного лечения. В исследовании принимали участие 175 новорожденных детей с диагнозом: неонатальная желтуха. Всем детям было проведено комплексное клинико-лабораторное и инструментальное обследование. Дети были разделены на 2 группы. Основную группу составили 125 новорожденных детей, получавших двустороннюю фототерапию (сверху и снизу) аппаратом АТФ-"Светоняня". Группу контроля 50 новорожденных детей, которые получали одностороннюю фототерапию (только сверху) с помощью того же аппарата. Установлено, что факторами, влияющими на тяжесть желтухи у новорожденных, являлись гестоз и эндокринная патология у матери, ее группа крови, низкая оценка по шкале Апгар на первой минуте, группа крови матери, уровень билирубина в пуповинной крови. В основной группе исследования темп снижения содержания билирубина составлял 25 мкмоль/л и более в сутки, в то время как в группе контроля он составил максимально 15 мкмоль/л (р < 0,05). Темпы снижения билирубина в основной группе позволили прекратить фототерапию всем детям в течение 48-56 ч после ее начала, в то время как в группе контроля дети получали фототерапию от 72 до 120 ч. Таким образом, двусторонняя фототерапия увеличивает темпы снижения непрямого билирубина и может быть рекомендована к назначению у новорожденных детей, особенно из группы риска по развитию тяжелых желтух.

Keywords

НЕПРЯМАЯ ГИПЕРБИЛИРУБИНЕМИЯ, НОВОРОЖДЕННЫЙ, ФОТОТЕРАПИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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