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Значение чрескожных и эндоскопических методов в лечении больных с осложненными формами желчно-каменной болезни

Значение чрескожных и эндоскопических методов в лечении больных с осложненными формами желчно-каменной болезни

Abstract

Проанализированы результаты лечения 516 больных с осложненными формами желчно-каменной болезни (ЖКБ), у которых применялась этапная тактика лечения. Из них 319 (61,8%) пациентов находились на лечении по поводу острого обтурационного калькулезного холецистита, а 197 (38,2%) пациентов по поводу ЖКБ, осложненной холедохолитиазом и механической желтухой. На первом этапе лечения у пациентов с острым обтурационным калькулезным холециститом выполнялось дренирование желчного пузыря под контролем ультразвука, а холецистэктомия выполнялась вторым этапом после стихания воспалительного процесса в желчном пузыре, поджелудочной железе, коррекции патологии желчных протоков и большого дуоденального сосочка (БДС) при их наличии, сопутствующей соматической патологии. У больных с холедохолитиазом и механической желтухой первым этапом выполнялась декомпрессия желчевыводящих протоков, что позволило разрешить желтуху и подготовить больных ко второму этапу радикальному лечению. Внутренняя декомпрессия и санация желчных протоков путем эндоскопической папиллосфинктеротомии (ЭПСТ) в сочетании с литоэкстракцией выполнены у 104 (52,8%) больных. У 8 (4,1%) пациентов с вклиненными конкрементами БДС была выполнена эндоскопическая супрапапиллярная холедоходуоденостомия. Послеоперационная летальность и частота послеоперационных осложнений у больных с острым обтурационным калькулезным холециститом составили 1,6% и 5,0%, а у больных с холедохолитиазом и механической желтухой до 4,1% и 13,7% соответственно.

Outcomes of 516 patients with complicated cholelithiasis following a stepwise treatment were analyzed. Out of the total number, 319 (61.8%) were treated for acute obstructive calculous cholecystitis and 197 (38.2%) received therapy for cholelithiasis with concurrent choledocholithiasis and obstructive jaundice. At the initial phase of therapy, all patients with acute obstructive calculous cholecystitis underwent an US-guided transcutaneous gallbladder drainage, with cholecystectomy performed as the second therapy phase after subsidence of inflammation in the gallbladder and pancreas, as well as after biliary tract, major duodenal papilla and concomitant somatic pathologies correction in case of their occurrence. Biliary ducts decompression was initially administered in choledocholithiasis and obstructive jaundice patient group which ensured recovery from jaundice and patient preparation for the subsequent radical treatment. Endoscopic decompression and bile ducts sanation by means of endoscopic papillosphincterotomy with lithoextraction was carried out in 104 (52.8%) patients. Endoscopic suprapapillary choledochoduodenostomy was performed in 8 (4.1%) patients with major duodenal papilla stone impaction. Postoperative mortality and postoperative complications incidence rates in patients with acute calculous obstructive cholecystitis were 1.6% and 5.0%, while in patients with choledocholithiasis and obstructive jaundice the rates made up to 4.1% and 13.7%, respectively.

Keywords

ЖЕЛЧНО-КАМЕННАЯ БОЛЕЗНЬ, ОСТРЫЙ ОБТУРАЦИОННЫЙ КАЛЬКУЛЕЗНЫЙ ХОЛЕЦИСТИТ, ХОЛЕДОХОЛИТИАЗ, МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ ЖЕЛТУХА, ЧРЕСКОЖНО-ЧРЕСПЕЧЕНОЧНАЯ ХОЛЕЦИСТОСТОМИЯ, ЭНДОСКОПИЧЕСКАЯ ПАПИЛЛОСФИНКТЕРОТОМИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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