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О соотношении летописных «Кривичей» и «Полочан»

О соотношении летописных «Кривичей» и «Полочан»

Abstract

The author focuses on the relations between the Krivichians (also known as Krivichi, Kriviches) and the Polochans using annalistic descriptions of the tribes. There is a contradiction in the annalistic texts: some of them place in the upper reaches of the Western Dvina River the Krivichians, while others the Polochans. Researchers, studying this contradiction, interpret it differently, often mutually exclusively. Having reviewed the sources and analyzed historiography, the author concluded that the Krivichians represented a special ethnocultural tribal union of Slavs who occupied vast areas and thereof, apparently, lacked strong political unity. The Polochans was a group of the Krivichians, who settled on the banks of the Polota River that gave the name to this tribe. The Krivichians from the upper reaches of the Western Dvina and the Polochans were politically independent tribes, according to the available data.

В статье рассматривается проблема соотношения летописных «кривичей» и «полочан». Одни летописные тексты «отдают» верховья Западной Двины кривичам, а другие полочанам. Исследователи давно заметили это противоречие и попытались прояснить его. Выводы при этом у них получились не просто разные, но нередко взаимоисключающие. Рассмотрев источники и проанализировав историографию, автор приходит к выводу, что кривичи представляли собой особую этнокультурную славянскую общность, расселившуюся на огромной территории и вследствие этого, не имевшую, по-видимому, прочного политического единства. Полоцкая группа кривичей имела своё особое название, полочане, произошедшее от реки Полоты, по берегам которой они расселились. Политические объединения верхнеднепровских и двинских кривичей (полочан) жили, по имеющимся данным, своей независимой политической жизнью.

Keywords

КРИВИЧИ, ПОЛОЧАНЕ, СЛАВЯНЕ, ЛЕТОПИСИ, АРХЕОЛОГИЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average