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Инновационная вакцина против пневмококковой инфекции в профилактике обострений хронических заболеваний у взрослых

Инновационная вакцина против пневмококковой инфекции в профилактике обострений хронических заболеваний у взрослых

Abstract

The pneumococcus infection ranks one of leading positions in structure of diseases resulting in fatal outcome without any dependence on age, especially among children of fi rst year of life and in age group older than 55 years. According the new WHO strategy, vaccination against the given infection is to be included into national calendars of vaccination among mentioned categories of population. The old-established polysaccharide vaccine demonstrated its effectiveness in children older than 2 years and in adults. However, its clinical and immunologic effect was characterized by hipo-responsiveness. The development of conjugated pneumococcus vaccines made a reality prevention of mentioned infection in children of early age. This occurrence permitted to include these vaccines into national calendars of vaccination of 113 countries. During last years, effectiveness of 13-valence conjugate pneumococcus vaccine in prevention of non-invasive (45%) and invasive (75%) pneumococcus infection brought on by vaccine serotypes was established also for adults. The results of national studies of vaccination with the very same vaccine of patients with chronic bronchopulmonary pathology demonstrate decreasing of number of exacerbations and morbidity of pneumonias and hospitalizations up to 5-11times. At that, improvement of quality of life of this category of patients and decreasing of costs of medical care support are observed. Hence, necessity of implementation of immunization by conjugate pneumococcus vaccine into standards of curative preventive activities.

Пневмококковая инфекция занимает одну из лидирующих позиций в структуре заболеваний, приводящих к летальному исходу вне зависимости от возраста, особенно среди детей первого года жизни и в возрастной группе старше 55 лет. Согласно новой стратегии ВОЗ вакцинация против данной инфекции должна быть включена в национальные календари прививок у вышеуказанных категорий лиц. Давно существующая полисахаридная пневмококковая вакцина показала свою эффективность у детей старше двух лет и взрослых, однако клинический и иммунологический эффект характеризовался гипореспонсивностью. С появлением конъюгированных пневмококковых вакцин стала реальной профилактика указанной инфекции у детей раннего возраста, что позволило включить их в национальные календари прививок 113 стран. В последние годы у взрослых также установлена эффективность 13-валентной конъюгированной пневмококковой вакцины в профилактике неинвазивной (45%) и инвазивной (75%) пневмококковой инфекции, вызванной вакцинными серотипами. Результаты отечественных исследователей по вакцинации той же вакциной пациентов с хронической бронхолегочной патологией свидетельствуют о снижении количества обострений, заболеваемости пневмониями и госпитализаций в 5-11 раз, улучшении при этом качества жизни данной категории пациентов и уменьшении затрат на оказание медицинской помощи. Все это указывает на необходимость внедрения иммунизации конъюгированной пневмококковой вакциной в стандарт лечебно-профилактических мероприятий.

Keywords

КОНЪЮГИРОВАННАЯ ПНЕВМОКОККОВАЯ ВАКЦИНА, ХРОНИЧЕСКАЯ БРОНХОЛЕГОЧНАЯ ПАТОЛОГИЯ, УЛУЧШЕНИЕ КАЧЕСТВА ЖИЗНИ, СНИЖЕНИЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТИ, УМЕНЬШЕНИЕ СЛУЧАЕВ ПНЕВМОНИЙ, СНИЖЕНИЕ КОЛИЧЕСТВА ГОСПИТАЛИЗАЦИЙ

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    influence
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold