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Определение разности потенциалов силы тяжести и высот в геодезии посредством гравиметрических и спутниковых измерений

Определение разности потенциалов силы тяжести и высот в геодезии посредством гравиметрических и спутниковых измерений

Abstract

The determination of the gravity potential differences required to build a global geoid by high-precision measurements of gravity using modern gravimeters and coordinate definitions by global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) has been done. The relevance of this work is that the determination of accurate global geoid as equipotential surface of the gravitational potential needed to a common reference surface for establishing the global height system. The paper presents the results of experiments by definition of potential and heights differences between points in the village Shabalin and on the Seminsky pass in the Altai Mountains, using high-precision measurements of gravity and GNSS measurements. The optimal technique of gravimetric measurements is developed, the working formulas are derived, and the estimation of the influence of measurement errors on the results is produced. It is shown that under the experimental conditions to calculate the potential difference and the heights is enough to use linear expressions (the contribution of the nonlinear components is equal to 0.04% of the total value). Substantiation requirements for gravimetric and GNSS-measurements to control the determination of the difference between potential by the relativistic shift of the quantum oscillators frequency is given. In addition, testing global models of gravitational field of the Earth EIGEN-6C4 according to geometric levelling and GNSS measurements on the territory of Gorny Altai has been done. The obtained differences of height anomalies, equals 21 cm, corresponds to the estimated accuracy of this model that were made for other areas of the Earth.

В работе рассмотрено определение разностей потенциалов силы тяжести, необходимых для построения глобального геоида, путем высокоточных измерений силы тяжести с использованием современных гравиметров и координатных определений с помощью глобальных навигационных спутниковых систем (ГНСС). Определение высокоточного глобального геоида как эквипотенциальной (уровенной) поверхности гравитационного потенциала обусловлено необходимостью создания единой отсчетной поверхности для установления глобальной системы высот. В работе представлены результаты эксперимента по определению разности потенциалов и высот между пунктами в селе Шебалино и на перевале Семинский на территории Горного Алтая, с использованием высокоточных измерений силы тяжести и ГНСС-измерений. Разработана оптимальная методика гравиметрических измерений, сделан вывод рабочих формул и выполнена оценка влияния ошибок измерений на результат. Показано, что в условиях эксперимента для вычисления разности потенциалов и высот достаточно использовать линейные выражения (вклад нелинейной компоненты составляет величину 0,04 % от общего значения). Обоснованы требования к гравиметрическим и ГНСС-измерениям, выполняемым с целью контроля определения разности геопотенциалов по релятивистскому смещению частоты квантовых генераторов. Кроме этого, выполнено тестирование глобальной модели гравитационного поля Земли EIGEN-6C4 по данным геометрического нивелирования и ГНСС-измерений на территории Горного Алтая. Полученное расхождение аномалий высоты, равное 21 см, соответствует оценкам точности данной модели, выполненных для других территорий Земли.

Keywords

гравитационный потенциал, гравиметрическая съемка, ГНССизмерения, геодезические и нормальные высоты, модель гравитационного поля Земли EIGEN-6C4, релятивистский геоид, глобальная система высот

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average