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Влияние микробных поверхностно-активных веществ на рост бобовых растений

Влияние микробных поверхностно-активных веществ на рост бобовых растений

Abstract

Исследовано влияние биогенных поверхностно-активных веществ рамнолипидов, трегалозолипидов микробного происхожде ния на рост бобовых растений. Рамнолипидные поверхностно-активные вещества продукт биосинтеза штамма Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 экстрагировали смесью хлороформ-изопропанол 2:1 из супернатанта культуральной жидкости, трегалозолипидные из биомассы Rhodococcus erythropolis УКМ Aс-50. Биокомплекс PS смесь рамнолипидов с полисахаридами осаждали из супернатанта культуральной жидкости штамма Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 подкислением до рН 3. Семена люцерны и вики озимой перед посевом обрабатывали раствором биогенных поверхностно-активных веществ и соответствующими культурами азотфиксаторов, выращивали в емкостях в условиях песчаной культуры. Влияние рамнолипидов и индолил-3-уксусной кислоты изучали в биотесте на ризогенез побегов фасоли. Определена оптимальная концентрация биогенных поверхностно-активных веществ (0,01 г/л) для предпосевной обработки семян люцерны и вики озимой, что способствует увеличению их надземной массы на 16-20%. Показано, что обработка семян растворами биогенных поверхностно-активных веществ повышает эффективность инокуляции семян вики озимой культурой Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae, при этом надземная масса растений увеличивается на 34% относительно контроля. Установлено, что одним из механизмов влияния биогенных поверхностно-активных веществ на рост растений может быть повышение эффективности индолил3-уксусной кислоты экзогенного происхождения: общее количество корней на побегах фасоли возрастает на 26,7%, а их масса на 19,2%. Таким образом, показано, что биогенные поверхностно-активные вещества (рамнолипиды, трегалозолипиды) стимулируют рост бобовых растений (люцерны, вики), а также формирование симбиоза вики озимой с бактериями R. leguminosarum bv. viciae. Одним из механизмов их влияния на рост растений является повышение эффективности экзогенных фитогормонов, в частности индолилуксусной кислоты.

The influence of biogenic surfactants rhamnolipids, trehalose lipids on the growth of legumes was investigated. Rhamnolipid surfactants product of biosynthesis of Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 strain were extracted by Folch mixture from the culture liquid supernatant and trehalose lipid surfactants from biomass of Rhodococcus erythropolis Aс50 strain. Вiocomplex PS, which is a mixture of rhamnolipids and polysaccharides was precipitated from culture liquid supernatantof Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 strain with acidification to pH 3. Seeds of alfalfa and winter vetch were treated before sowing with solutions of biosurfactants or with appropriate culture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and were grown in vessels in the sand culture conditions. The influence of rhamnolipids and indoleacetic acid on rhizogenesis was set in the biotest with beans cuttings. The optimal concentration of biosurfactants (0.01 g/l) was determined for pre-sowing treatment of alfalfa and winter vetch seeds, which promoted the growth of their aboveground mass by 16-20%. It was shown that treatment of seeds by biosurfactants improved the efficiency of winter vetch seeds inoculation by biopreparation of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms: an aboveground plant mass increased by 34%. It was shown that soaking of beans cuttings in a mixture of biocomplex PS and indoleacetic acid increased the number of formed roots on 26.7% and their weight on 19.2% compared with the control which was indoleacetic acid. It was shown that biogenic surfactants (rhamnolipids, trehalose lipids) stimulated the growth of legumes (alfalfa, vetch), contributed to the increase of vegetative mass and stimulated the formation of symbiosis of winter vetch with bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae. It was determined that one of the mechanisms of biosurfactant influence on the plant growth was improving the efficiency of phytohormones, including indole-3-acetic acid.

Keywords

БІОГЕННІ ПОВЕРХНЕВО-АКТИВНІ РЕЧОВИНИ, БОБОВі РОСЛИНИ, іНДОЛіЛОЦТОВА КИСЛОТА, БИОГЕННЫЕ ПОВЕРХНОСТНОАКТИВНЫЕ ВЕЩЕСТВА, БОБОВЫЕ РАСТЕНИЯ, ИНДОЛИЛУКСУСНАЯ КИСЛОТА

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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