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Оценка неопределённости доз облучения российских ликвидаторов с учётом их проживания на загрязнённых радионуклидами территориях РФ

Оценка неопределённости доз облучения российских ликвидаторов с учётом их проживания на загрязнённых радионуклидами территориях РФ

Abstract

В работе проведена оценка эффективных доз облучения 5079 ликвидаторов последствий аварии на Чернобыльской АЭС, полученных по месту их постоянного проживания в загрязнённых после аварии на ЧАЭС Брянской, Калужской, Орловской и Тульской областях. В среднем пост-аварийные дозы внешнего облучения ликвидаторов существенно выше эффективных доз хронического облучения, полученных ими за счёт проживания на загрязнённых территориях. Стандартная среднегеометрическая ошибка оценок индивидуальных доз внутреннего облучения щитовидной железы и всего тела таких ликвидаторов составляет около 3, а стандартная среднегеометрическая ошибка оценок индивидуальных доз внешнего облучения 1,5. Расчёты распределений индивидуальных эффективных доз облучения ликвидаторов, накопленных к 2015 г. с учётом их неопределённостей, показали, что при равенстве среднегеометрических значений доз средним эффективным дозам по населённым пунктам, между математическими ожиданиями индивидуальных доз и средними эффективными дозами по населённым пунктам имеются существенные отличия. При учёте неопределённости доз облучения для ликвидаторов, проживающих на загрязнённых территориях, оценки радиационных рисков могут быть существенно смещены относительно оценок по детерминированным дозам, без учёта неопределённостей доз.

Results of estimating effective radiation doses received by 5079 Chernobyl clean-up workers during their permanent living in territories of Bryansk, Kaluga, Tula and Orel oblasts contaminated with radionuclides are presented in the article. External radiation doses received by clean-up workers during their activities towards mitigating consequences of the Chernobyl accident were higher, on average, than effective doses of chronic exposure to radiation they received over the period of permanent living in radioactively contaminated territories. Geometric standard deviation of individual doses of internal radiation to thyroid and whole body was 3, and standard geometric deviation of individual doses of external radiation was 1.5. Values of individual effective doses including uncertainty accumulated to 2015 in different residential communities were equal to geometric average doses and average effective doses, at the same time mathematical expectations of individual doses and average effective doses in the communities differed significantly. If uncertainty in radiation doses received by clean-up workers residing in contaminated areas is taken into account, radiation risk values can be biased.

Keywords

ДОЗЫ ОСТРОГО ВНЕШНЕГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ,ДОЗЫ ХРОНИЧЕСКОГО ВНЕШНЕГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ,ДОЗЫ ХРОНИЧЕСКОГО ВНУТРЕННЕГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ,ДОЗЫ ВНУТРЕННЕГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ,ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЕ ДОЗЫ ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ,ЗАГРЯЗНЁННЫЕ РАДИОНУКЛИДАМИ ТЕРРИТОРИИ,АВАРИЯ НА ЧАЭС,ЛИКВИДАТОРЫ ПОСЛЕДСТВИЙ АВАРИИ НА ЧЕРНОБЫЛЬСКАЯ АЭС,РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ ДОЗ,НЕОПРЕДЕЛЁННОСТЬ ДОЗ,DOSE OF ACUTE EXTERNAL RADIATION EXPOSURE,DOSE OF CHRONIC EXTERNAL RADIATION EXPOSURE,DOSE OF CHRONIC INTERNAL EXPOSURE,THYROID DOSE FROM INTERNAL RADIATION EXPOSURE,EFFECTIVE RADIATION DOSE,TERRITORIES CONTAMINATED WITH RADIONUCLIDES,ACCIDENT AT THE CHERNOBYL NPP,CLEAN-UP WORKERS,DOSE RECONSTRUCTION,DOSE UNCERTAINTY

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold