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Петергофская генетическая коллекция первичных октоплоидных тритикале: современное состояние и перспективы изучения

Петергофская генетическая коллекция первичных октоплоидных тритикале: современное состояние и перспективы изучения

Abstract

Создана генетическая коллекция линий первичных октоплоидных тритикале на основе одного сорта мягкой пшеницы Chinese Spring (CS) и инбредных линий ржи Петергофской генетической коллекции. Фенотипическое изучение первичных тритикале позволило выявить различные эффекты проявления генов ржи в комплексном геноме. Выявлено семь различных эффектов взаимодействия генов мягкой пшеницы CS с генами ржи, приводящих к формированию постзиготических барьеров на разных этапах онтогенеза пшенично-ржаных гибридов (отсутствие нормального зародыша в гибридных зерновках, слабость и стерильность гибридов, аномалии морфологии листа и колоса, гибридная карликовость). Показана возможность получения короткостебельных форм тритикале без использования известных доноров генов короткостебельности и/или карликовости ржи (Ddw1, ct1, ct2). Выявлено положительное влияние sf-мутаций в локусе несовместимости T уродительских линий ржи на фертильность тритикале. Показано, что устойчивость линий первичных октоплоидных тритикале к фитопатогенным грибам является результатом специфического взаимодействия родительских геномов. Обсуждается возможность использования линий октоплоидных тритикале и соответствующих инбредных линий ржи в селекции тритикале, а также в качестве модели для изучения взаимодействия и эволюции геномов уаллополиплоидов. Библиогр. 44 назв. Табл. 6.

The genetic collection of primary octoploid triticale was created on the basis of only wheat genotype (cv. Chinese Spring) and a set of rye inbred lines from Peterhof genetic collection. The 155 differences in expression of rye genes in complex genome were revealed analysing phenotype of wheatrye hybrids and primary triticale. Seven specific effects of gene interaction between bread wheat CS and different rye genotypes were revealed in these crosses. Such interactions lead to postzygotic reproductive isolation on different development stages of wheat-rye hybrids (embryo lethality, hybrid weakness and dwarfness, hybrid chlorosis and necrosis, abnormality in leaf and spike morphology, sterility of the amphidiploids). A short stem triticale was produced using rye lines without known dwarf rye genes such as Ddw1, ct1, ct2. Sf -mutations in locus of self-incompatibility T carried by parental rye lines display positive effect on the seed set of primary triticale. It was shown that the resistance of primary octoploid triticale lines to fungi pathogens is the result of specific interaction of the parental genomes. The perspectives of using primary triticale and corresponding rye inbred lines in breeding programs so as a model for study genome interactions and evolution in allopolyploid plants are discussed. Bibliogr. 44 Ref. Tabl. 6.

Keywords

ОТДАЛЕННАЯ ГИБРИДИЗАЦИЯ, АЛЛОПОЛИПЛОИДИЯ, ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ ГЕНОВ, РЕПРОДУКТИВНАЯ ИЗОЛЯЦИЯ, МЯГКАЯ ПШЕНИЦА, РОЖЬ, ПЕРВИЧНЫЕ ОКТОПЛОИДНЫЕ ТРИТИКАЛЕ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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