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ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ САНИТАРНО-ЗАЩИТНОЙ ЗОНЫ АЭРОПОРТОВ

ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ САНИТАРНО-ЗАЩИТНОЙ ЗОНЫ АЭРОПОРТОВ

Abstract

Рассмотрены вопросы проектирования санитарно-защитных зон аэропортов. Выяснено,что наиболее существенными факторами,оказывающими влияние на СЗЗ являются: шумовое загрязнение и выбросы в атмосферный воздух. На данный момент существует зонирование по трем группам: А,Б,В. В зоне А разрешается размещение жилых домов,детских дошкольных учреждений,учебных заведений и школ, гостиниц, научно-исследовательских и административных зданий и организаций. В зонах Б и В допускается нахождение любых зданий при условии повышенной звукоизоляции имеющихся конструкций, а также их наружного ограждения. Оценка качества созданных проектов и их экспертизы показывают, что в некоторых случаях разработчики некорректно и не в полном объеме используют данные по объектам, представляющим из себя источники негативного воздействия на окружающую среду. Отсутствие унифицированного порядка проектирования, и способов проверки полученных расчетных границ СЗЗ и санитарных разрывов аэропортов, а также нехватка единой, актуальной на сегодняшний день, методической базы учета специфического воздействия воздушных средств на окружающую среду,тормозят разработку проектов, негативно влияет на качество их исполнения и увеличивает сроки проведения экспертизы,не позволяя в должной мере учитывать функциональное использование зон санитарного разрыва при территориальном планировании приаэродромных земель.

Problems of designing sanitary-protection zones of airports are considered. It was found that the most significant factors influencing the SPZ are noise pollution and emissions in the atmospheric air. At the present time zoning exists according to three groups: A,B,C. In the A zone location of residential buildings, kindergartens, educational institutions and schools,hotels, research and administrative buildings and organizations are permitted. In zones B and C all types of buildings are allowed provided the increased sound insulation of existing constructions as well as their external fencing. Assessment of the quality of created projects and their expertise shows that in some cases developers use the data of objects incorrectly and not fully which are a source of the negative effects on the environment. The lack of the unified design order and methods of checking the obtained rated boundaries of the SPZ and sanitary breaks of airports as well as the lack of a unified, actual for today methodological base of taking into account a specific impact of aircrafts on the environment hinders development of projects, adversely affects the quality of their performance and increases time-terms of examination, not allowing properly consider a functional use of zones of sanitary breakage when planning surrounding lands of the aerodrome.

Keywords

САНИТАРНО-ЗАЩИТНЫЕ ЗОНЫ,ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ,ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ЭКСПЕРТИЗА,ШУМ,ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ АТМОСФЕРНОГО ВОЗДУХА,ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ЗОНИРОВАНИЕ,THE SANITARY-PROTECTION ZONES,ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGNING,ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,NOISE,AIR POLLUTION,ECOLOGICAL ZONING

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze