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Экспериментальное обоснование режимов работы сошника гребневой сеялки

Экспериментальное обоснование режимов работы сошника гребневой сеялки

Abstract

The ridger-seeder has been developed, it is equipped with advanced coulters, its usage allows to perform several technological operations for one pass. The proposed coulter was investigated in laboratory and industrial conditions. Mathematical models of process of formation of the ridge of the soil were gained. While moving the coulter of a seed unit cuts weeds, forms a wet bed, sow the seeds to a depth of 1,5... 2 cm and forms soil knob of the trapezoid form with the height of 6...8 cm over the seeds, and going next rollers condense the sides of the soil knob, finally forming soil knob of height of 6...8 cm required size and optimum density of the soil. The height of the ridge compensates the decrease in the seeding depth from the ground surface. Geometric dimensions of the ridge and the density of the soil in the ringe depend on the angle of attack of flat panels, the depth of their progress in the soil, effort of compression of springs of coulter, and physical-mechanical properties of the soils. The studies of the ridger-seeder, equipped with proposed coulters, in production conditions confirmed its high efficiency. Ridged seeding provides better germination and greater productivity, which exceeds the control up to 20 % while sowings of soya.

Разработана гребневая сеялка, оснащенная усовершенствованными сошниками, применение которой позволяет за один проход выполнить несколько технологических операций. Предлагаемый сошник исследован в лабораторных и производственных условиях. Получены математические модели процесса образования гребня почвы. При движении посевного агрегата сошник подрезает сорняки, образует влажное ложе, высевает семена на глубину 1,5...2 см и образует над семенами почвенный бугорок трапециевидной формы высотой 6.8 см, а идущие следом катки уплотняют боковые стороны бугорка почвы, окончательно формируя гребень почвы высотой 6.8 см требуемых размеров и с оптимальной плотностью почвы. Высота гребня компенсирует уменьшение глубины заделки семян от уровня поверхности почвы. Геометрические размеры гребня и плотность почвы в гребне зависят от угла атаки плоских щитков, глубины их хода в почве, усилия сжатия пружины сошника, а также физико-механических свойств почвы. Исследования гребневой сеялки, оснащенной предлагаемыми сошниками, в производственных условиях подтвердили ее высокую эффективность. Гребневой посев обеспечивает лучшую всхожесть и большую урожайность, которая превышает контрольную до 20 % на посевах сои.

Keywords

ГРЕБНЕВАЯ СЕЯЛКА, ГРЕБЕНЬ ПОЧВЫ, ПРОПАШНЫЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ, ПОСЕВ, СОШНИК, КАТОК, ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННЫЕ ЗАТРАТЫ, ПЛОТНОСТЬ ПОЧВЫ, ФИЗИКО-МЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА ПОЧВЫ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold