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Гепарининдуцированная тромбоцитопения

Гепарининдуцированная тромбоцитопения

Abstract

В данном обзоре рассматривается гепарининдуцированная тромбоцитопения (ГИТ) патологи-ческое состояние, которое может происходить при использовании нефракционированного гепарина (НФГ). В святи с недостаточной информированностью, отсутствием необходимых лабораторных тестов ГИТ редко диагностируется в отечественных клиниках, что влияет на правильность лечения больные и прогноз. Исследование in vitro продемонстрировали, что ключевым моментом в ГИТ являются иммунные процессы, которые заключаются в формировании ГИТ-антител, взаимодействия между ГИТ-антителами, комплексом гепарин-тканевый фактор-4 и FcγRII-рецепторами на тромбоцитах. Большим недостатком является недосягаемость альтернативных антикоагулянтов. Лечение геморрагий при ГИТ, особенно в связи с отсутствием антидота, является проблематичным. Употребление низкомолекулярных гепаринов, а также фондапаринукса и прямых ингибиторов тромбина вместо НФГ может привести к тому, что ГИТ станет лишь историческим явлением.

This review considers heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) pathological condition that can develop when applying non-fractionated heparin (NFH). Due to insufficient knowledge and absence of required laboratory tests HIT is a rarely diagnosed condition in our clinics that influences on the adequate treatment of patients and prognosis. In vitro studies demonstrated that immune processes like forming HIT-antibodies and their interaction with heparin-tissue factor-4 complex and FcγRII-receptors on the platelets is the key moment in HIT. A big disadvantage is inability to get alternative anticoagulants. Management of hemorrhage in HIT especially without antidote is problematic. Applying heparins with low molecular weight and fondaparinux and direct thrombin inhibitors instead of NFH can result in that the HIT will become only a past history event.

Keywords

ГЕПАРИНИНДУЦИРОВАННАЯ ТРОМБОЦИТОПЕНИЯ, НЕФРАКЦИОНИРОВАННЫЙ ГЕПА-РИН, НИЗКОМОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫЕ ГЕПАРИНЫ, ПРЯМЫЕ ИНГИБИТОРЫ ТРОМБИНА, ТРОМБОТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯ, ГЕПАРИНіНДУКОВАНА ТРОМБОЦИТОПЕНіЯ, НЕФРАКЦіЙОНОВАНИЙ ГЕПАРИН, НИЗЬКОМОЛЕКУЛЯРНі ГЕПАРИНИ, ПРЯМі іНГіБіТОРИ ТРОМБіНУ, ТРОМБОТИЧНі УСКЛАДНЕННЯ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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