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Проблема «Принципал-агент» в исламских банках и механизмы её решения

Проблема «Принципал-агент» в исламских банках и механизмы её решения

Abstract

The paper gives an overview of the problem «principal-agent», which is peculiar to the whole Islamic banking system. As a solution to the problem of moral hazard which occurs in the framework of this system, authors have offered the mechanisms of inner and external monitoring. A theoretical model based on the method of inner monitoring with reward, predicts that moral hazard is lower as higher is a penalty for opportunism. The peculiar influence of culture which is essential for all countries with Islamic banking system, guarantees the efficiency of the external mechanism of struggle with moral hazardreligious canons don’t allow to behave in an opportunistic manner. It is also important that religion leads to the creation of another inner mechanism of struggling with a moral hazardthe creation of specific Religious Committees. Their efficiency is regulated by the cooperation of three-level system of monitoring. In the end there is an example of functioning of the Financial House «Amal» in Tatarstan. The authors conclude that not all mechanisms which are essential for functioning of banks in Islamic countries, are fulfilled in the framework of the banking system of Tatarstan.

В данной работе рассмотрена проблема «принципал-агент», специфичная для исламской банковской системы. Для решения проблемы морального риска, возникающей в рамках этой системы, авторами предложены механизмы как внутреннего, так и внешнего мониторинга. Теоретическая модель, основанная на методе внутреннего мониторинга с вознаграждением, показывает, что моральный риск тем ниже, чем выше штраф за оппортунизм. Особое влияние культуры, присущей странам с исламской банковской системой, обеспечивает эффективность внешнего механизма борьбы с моральным риском религиозные установки не позволяют агентам вести себя оппортунистически. Также важно, что религия влечет за собой создание еще одного внутреннего механизма борьбы с моральным риском создание особых Религиозных Комитетов, эффективность деятельности которых регулируется взаимодействием трехуровневой системы мониторинга. В конце работы приведен пример функционирования Финансового дома Амаль в Татарстане. Авторы приходят к выводу, что далеко не все механизмы, присущие работе банков в исламских странах, пока реализованы в условиях банковской системы Татарстана.

Keywords

ИСЛАМСКИЕ ФИНАНСЫ, ПРОБЛЕМА ПРИНЦИПАЛ-АГЕНТ, АСИММЕТРИЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ, МОРАЛЬНЫЙ РИСК, ОППОРТУНИЗМ, РОЛЬ РЕЛИГИОЗНЫХ ИНСТИТУТОВ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold