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Кризис коммуникации как инструмент жанрового сдвига

Кризис коммуникации как инструмент жанрового сдвига

Abstract

The author treats Herman Melville’s story “Bartleby the Scrivener” as an example of a complex communicative strategy: performing an infelicitous speech act, or, to be more precise, an abuse (according to speech act theory as introduced by J.L.Austin). The abuse is defined as a violation of a set of rules prescribed by the print medium (a monthly magazine). Given that this premise is valid, the author aims to investigate how the violation of a formula genre (a magazine story) is achieved (by what means) and how it affects the reader. Focusing on the narrator and the composition of the story, the author concludes that 1) the narrator is unreliable and thus the attention of the reader is directed to the expression plane rather than to the content plane, 2) the structure of composition is devoid of functional elements and thus forms a “gap” to be filled in by the reader. This leads to the conclusion that the story is an example of violated genre clichés which form a new genre model for reading and writing which is open to the interpretations and consequently more demanding.

Автор рассматривает повесть Г.Мелвилла «Писец Бартлби» как пример реализации парадоксальной авторской стратегии: ориентации на коммуникативную неудачу как на способ общения с читателем. Определяя неудачу как итог нарушения коммуникативного пакта, установленного медиумом печати (ежемесячный журнал), автор ставит своей целью исследовать 1) как и за счёт чего нарушается пакт журнального рассказа и 2) к какому эффекту приводит его нарушение. Рассматривая микрои макроуровни повествования образ рассказчика и композицию рассказа автор делает вывод о 1) «ненадёжности» повествователя, обращающей внимание читателя не на предмет рассказа, но на его форму, и 2) принципиальной «нефункциональности» композиции, которая образует требующую заполнения читателем «лакуну». Таким образом, рассказ видится как образец специально разрушенного формульного жанра, в недрах которого угадывается модель для новой более свободной и более ответственной формы общения автора и читателя.

Keywords

ГЕРМАН МЕЛВИЛЛ,HERMAN MELVILLE,ЖАНР,GENRE,ПРАГМАТИКА КОММУНИКАЦИИ,THE PRAGMATICS OF LITERARY COMMUNICATION,ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННЫЙ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТ,ART EXPERIMENT,АМЕРИКАНСКОЕ ВОЗРОЖДЕНИЕ,THE AMERICAN RENAISSANCE

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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