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ИМПЕРАТИВНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЬНЫЕ ФОРМЫ КАК ПРАГМАТИЧЕСКИЕ МАРКЕРЫ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РУССКОГО И ИТАЛЬЯНСКОГО ЯЗЫКОВ)

ИМПЕРАТИВНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЬНЫЕ ФОРМЫ КАК ПРАГМАТИЧЕСКИЕ МАРКЕРЫ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ РУССКОГО И ИТАЛЬЯНСКОГО ЯЗЫКОВ)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the usage of the imperative forms of some cognitive and volition verbs as well as basic verbs of the politeness category in the dialogic discourse of Russian and Italian languages. In the oral speech the imperative verbal forms function as structurizing elements that organise the dialogic interaction. The imperative verbal forms mark different actions of speech and non-speech character. A regular usage of the imperative forms out of the phrase propositional content allows the dialogue participant to codify and interpret adequately the propositional part of the sentence. The author carries out a functional-pragmatic analysis of speech acts with imperative verbal forms, the main function of which is to structure the dialogic units and the dialog as a whole comprising their illocutionary force. The study of the material of more than one language has enabled to determine that in pragmaticalization of the imperative forms the total desemantization does not occur and the capability of the imperative forms to serve as pragmatic markers is determined by their lexical meaning, combinatory property and possibility to form the imperative. The choice of one or another pragmatic marker is determined by linguistic, paralinguistic or extralinguistic factors. The function of the imperative verbal forms of some lexical-semantic group is close to that of the performatives.

В статье анализируется узус императивных форм некоторых глаголов когнитивной и волеизъявительной семантических сфер, а также основных глаголов категории вежливости в пространстве русского и итальянского диалогического дискурса. В результате сопоставительного функционально-прагматического изучения речевых актов, которые содержат императивные глагольные формы, подтверждены положения о том, что в устной речи императивные глагольные формы кроме основных интеракциональных функций выполняют структурирующую функцию, организуя диалогическое взаимодействие и маркируя различные действия как речевого, так и неречевого характера; что регулярное употребление императивных форм, выведенных за пределы пропозиционального содержания высказывания, позволяет участникам диалога адекватно кодифицировать и интерпретировать пропозициональную часть высказывания. Автором статьи установлено, что в разных языках в процессе прагматикализации императивных форм не происходит полной десемантизации глаголов и способность глагольного слова быть прагматическим маркером обусловлена его лексическим значением, сочетаемостными качествами и возможностью образовывать императивные формы. Показано, что выбор того или иного прагматического маркера определяется лингвистическими, паралингвистическими и экстралингвистическими факторами, а некоторые императивные глагольные словоформы по своим функциям сближаются с перформативами.

Keywords

DIALOGIC SPEECH,PRAGMATICS,PRAGMATIC MARKER,IMPERATIVE,FUNCTION,ILLOCUTIONARY STRUCTURE OF DIALOGUE,ДИАЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ РЕЧЬ,ПРАГМАТИКА,ПРАГМАТИЧЕСКИЙ МАРКЕР,ИМПЕРАТИВ,ФУНКЦИЯ,ИЛЛОКУТИВНАЯ СТРУКТУРА ДИАЛОГА

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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