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Структура и распространенность бронхолегочных заболеваний у работников электролизного производства никеля в Кольском Заполярье

Структура и распространенность бронхолегочных заболеваний у работников электролизного производства никеля в Кольском Заполярье

Abstract

Due to exposure to various occupational hazardous factors, nickel industry workers, constitute a group of increased risk for developing chronic bronchopulmonary diseases (CBPD). The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of occupational and non-occupational hazardous factors on the structure and prevalence of CBPD in nickel electrolysis production workers in the Kola High North. The study involved 700 nickel electrolysis department workers. The investigation program included a respiratory questionnaire, examination by a chest and an occupational health physicians, spirometry, chest X-ray. As a result of carried out investigation, CBPD were diagnosed in 20,0 % of nickel electrolysis department workers, with chronic bronchitis (CB) and toxic pneumosclerosis (TP) being the most prevalent diseases: 12,0% and 3,7%, respectively. Prevalence of CB, TP and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increased with the increasing employment duration, while smoking enhanced risks for developing CB (RR=5,62) and COPD (RR=6,62). No significant differences in the structure and prevalence of CBPD were found in different occupational groups of nickel electrolysis department workers.

Вследствие воздействия ряда вредных производственных факторов работники основных цехов предприятий по производству никеля входят в группу повышенного риска развития хронических бронхолегочных заболеваний (ХБЛЗ). Цель исследования заключалась в изучении влияния производственных и непроизводственных вредных факторов на распространенность и структуру ХБЛЗ у работников, занятых в электролизном производстве никеля в Кольском Заполярье. Обследование 700 работников цехов электролиза никеля включало анкетирование, осмотр пульмонолога и профпатолога, оценку состояния функции внешнего дыхания, флюорографию легких. У 20,0 % обследованных выявлены ХБЛЗ, наиболее распространенными из которых были хронический бронхит (ХБ) и токсический пневмосклероз (ТП): 12,0 и 3,7 % соответственно. Распространенность ХБ, ТП и хронической обструктивной болезни легких (ХОБЛ) нарастает с увеличением стажа работы, а курение достоверно повышает риск развития ХБ (0Р = 5,62) и ХОБЛ (0Р = 6,62). Не установлено существенных различий в распространенности и структуре ХБЛЗ у различных профессиональных групп обследованных.

Keywords

БРОНХОЛЕГОЧНЫЕ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ, ЭЛЕКТРОЛИЗНОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО НИКЕЛЯ, КОЛЬСКОЕ ЗАПОЛЯРЬЕ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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