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Исследование процесса кислотного гидролиза ацетата целлюлозы

Authors: Usova K. A.; Avalev R. R.; Prytkov L. N.; Shkuro A. E.;

Исследование процесса кислотного гидролиза ацетата целлюлозы

Abstract

Интерес к созданию биопластиков на основе химически модифицированной целлюлозы увеличивается. Одним из перспективных направлений является использование сложных эфиров целлюлозы в качестве возобновляемого сырья для производства биоразлагаемых композиционных материалов. Один из наиболее распространенных в промышленности сложных эфиров целлюлозы – ацетат целлюлозы (АЦ). В данной статье рассматривается процесс реакции кислотного гидролиза ацетата целлюлозы. В рамках исследования был проведен кислотный гидролиз триацетата целлюлозы с целью изучения изменения химического строения продуктов реакции и их физико-химических свойств. Строение продуктов гидролиза определяли с помощью метода ИК-фурье-спектроскопии, также были определены вязкость и показатель преломления 1 %-ного раствора продуктов реакции в ацетоне. Результаты проведенных исследований свидетельствуют о возможности регулирования длины цепи ацетата целлюлозы методом его кислотного гидролиза. Для оптимизации процесса необходимо определить молекулярную массу продуктов реакции. Кроме того, вследствие протекания побочных процессов, связанных с этерификацией незамещенных гидроксильных групп с уксусной кислотой в присутствии серной кислоты, наблюдалось увеличение степени ацетилирования гидролизатов по сравнению с таковым в исходном АЦ. Так как высокое содержание (степень замещения более 2,5) ацетатных групп является препятствием для действия ферментов, способных разрушать целлюлозу и ее эфиры, то повыше- ние степени ацетилирования в процессе гидролиза представляется нежелательным. Вследствие этого в дальнейшем рекомендуется проводить реакцию гидролиза АЦ в среде ацетона. Interest in the creation of bioplastics based on chemically modifi ed cellulose is increasing. One of the promising directions is the use of cellulose esters as a renewable raw material for the production of biodegradable composite materials. One of the most common cellulose esters in industry is cellulose acetate. This article discusses the process of acid hydrolysis reaction of cellulose acetate. As part of the research, acid hydrolysis of cellulose triacetate was carried out in order to study changes in the chemical structure of the reaction products and their physicochemical properties. The structure of the hydrolysis products was determined using IR Fourier spectroscopy; the viscosity and refractive index of a 1 % solution of the reaction products in acetone were also determined. The results of the conducted research indicate the possibility of regulating the chain length of cellulose acetate by its acid hydrolysis. To optimize the process, it is necessary to determine the molecular weight of the reaction products. In addition, due to the occurrence of side processes associated with the esterifi cation of unsubstituted hydroxyl groups with acetic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid, an increase in the degree of acetylation of the hydrolysates was observed compared to the original CA. Since the high content (degree of substitution over 2,5) of acetate groups is an obstacle to the action of enzymes capable of destroying cellulose and its esters, an increase in the degree of acetylation in the hydrolysis process seems undesirable. As a result, it is recommended to carry out the CA hydrolysis reaction in an acetone medium in the future.

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Keywords

АЦЕТАТ ЦЕЛЛЮЛОЗЫ, IR SPECTROSCOPY, ИК-СПЕКТРОСКОПИЯ, ДЕСТРУКЦИЯ, CELLULOSE ACETATE, ACID HYDROLYSIS, REFRACTIVE INDEX, ВЯЗКОСТЬ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЬ ПРЕЛОМЛЕНИЯ, VISCOSITY, КИСЛОТНЫЙ ГИДРОЛИЗ, DESTRUCTION

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green