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Челябинское отделение общества «Знание» и атеистическая пропаганда в период политики перестройки

Authors: Lukyanov, A.O.;

Челябинское отделение общества «Знание» и атеистическая пропаганда в период политики перестройки

Abstract

Лукьянов Алексей Олегович – аспирант кафедры отечественной и зарубежной истории, Южно-Уральский государственный университет (г. Челябинск), e-mail: lukianovao@susu.ru. ORCID 0000-0002-4967-8838. Aleksei O. Lukyanov – post-graduate student of Department of Russian and Foreign History, South Ural State University (Chelyabinsk), e-mail: lukianovao@susu.ru В статье Научно-методический совет по атеизму рассматривается как особая часть системы пропаганды Всесоюзного общества «Знание». Учитывается дуализм задач партии, а также научного сообщества в созданной просветительской структуре, при котором научная среда пыталась создать немногочисленное сообщество профессионалов-лекторов, когда партия строила структуру массовой организации с задачами широкой пропаганды. Исходя из этого анализируются особенности функционирования научно-методического совета курирующих работу лекторов. Отдельное внимание уделено рассмотрению особенностей работы научно-методических советов челябинского отделения общества «Знание». Изучаются попытки решения проблем качества лекций и лекторского состава как конкретно атеистического направления, так и общего состояния института лекторства челябинского отделения общества «Знание». В ходе исследования установлен и проанализирована деятельность научно-методических советов, направленная на повышение своей эффективность. Также раскрыты причины неудач в стремлении улучшить результативность пропаганды через привлечение работников вузов, систему рецензий, экономического стимулирования и других мер стимулирования. В итоге делается вывод, что изменение экономической политики государства в сторону хозрасчёта и самоокупаемости поставило перед организациями страны задачи по оптимизации расходов. По этой причине начинается массовый отказ от лекций. Однако на определённом этапе развития советского общества, в процессе выстраивания политики пере-стройки и нового политического мышления такая активная пропаганда и её разветвлённые структуры, в том числе и атеистическая, была признана властями ненужной. Институты идеологической работы активно ликвидировались в угоду новой политике властей. The article considers the Scientific and Methodological Council on Atheism to be a special part of the propaganda system of the All-Union Society «Knowledge». The dual nature of the party’s tasks, as well as the scientific community in the educational structure, are taken in-to account. The scientific environment tried to create a community of professional lecturers, while the party was forming a mass organization structure with the tasks of broad propaganda. The functioning of the scientific and methodological council supervising the work of the lecturers is analyzed. Special attention is given to the work of the scientific and methodological councils in the Chelyabinsk branch of the «Knowledge» society. Attempts to solve the problems of the lectures and the teaching staff quality of both the atheistic and general state of lecturing in the Chelyabinsk branch of the «Knowledge» society are studied. The scientific and methodo-logical councils’ attempts to increase their effectiveness are established and analyzed. The rea-sons for the failed improvement of the propaganda effectiveness through the involvement of university employees, the system of reviews, economic incentives, and other incentive measures are also revealed. The conclusion is that the change in the economic policy by the state in the form of self-financing and self-sufficiency has set the country’s organizations the task of optimizing costs. For this reason, they begin to refuse lectures en masse. However, at a certain stage in the development of Soviet society, in establishing the policy of perestroika and new political thinking, such active propaganda and its extensive structures, including atheistic ones, were considered by the authorities to be unnecessary. The institutions of ideological work were removed in favor of the new policy of the authorities.

Keywords

лектор, научно-методический совет по атеизму, atheistic propaganda, All-Union society «Knowledge», УДК 251.5, перестройка, идеологическая политика, Всесоюзное общество «Знание», lecturer, УДК 30, perestroika, scientific and methodological council on atheism, атеистическая пропаганда, ideological policy

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green