Based on Bezruč material, the present thesis entitled Oldřich Králík, Textual Critic and Editor chronologically follows the establishing and development of textological concepts and editorial approaches ofthe said scholar. The central topic is dosely connected with terms of Králík's stratigraphy, synchrony and diachrony, as well as the genetic method. Králík's method is built on temp oral attribution; therefore, the problem of the dating of Bezruč' s work is of crucial importance for the thesis' argument. The thesis also confronts Oldřich Králík' s textological and editorial views with those ofhis opponents. In the series of scholarly disputes, Czech textual criticism defined its subject matter, attempting to define its position within the context of other sciences and humanities, especially linguistics, philology and literary theory, as well as taking its stand in regard to historiography. Simultaneously, fundamental working modes were formulated. Exceeding the home field, the disputes moved to the intemationallevel through the textological/editorial department ofthe Intemational Commitiee ofSlavic Languages. Among others, the debates resulted in the so-called manual of practical text criticism, Editor and Text, published in 1971, which has strongly influenced Czech editorial practice to the present day.