Maintaining the well-being of healthcare professionals is a fundamental objective of any sustainable healthcare system. In this context, family physicians face significant mental health risks, partly linked to high stress levels. A key difficulty lies in the objective measurement of psychological distress. The Physician Well-being Index has been developed for this purpose and has demonstrated promising predictive qualities. The issue of primary care professionals' mental health must also be considered in the broader context of evolving organizational structures. Although these developments are presented as remedies for the overwhelming workload of family physicians, the sparse empirical evidence does not reliably indicate improvements in their well-being.