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Triticum spelta genotiplerinin bor toksisitesine karşı dayanıklılıklarının belirlenmesi

Authors: Gence, Cabir Çağri;

Triticum spelta genotiplerinin bor toksisitesine karşı dayanıklılıklarının belirlenmesi

Abstract

Tarım alanlarındaki yüksek bor (B) düzeyleri bitkisel üretimi olumsuz şekilde etkileyen stres faktörlerinin arasında yer almaktadır. Söz konusu stres faktörü, bitki metabolizmasının işlevlerini engellemekte ve bitkilerde çeşitli zararlara neden olabilmektedirler. Özellikle kurak ve yarı kurak bölgelerde, tuzluluk problemi ile birlikte bor toksisitesi sorunu da görülebilmektedir. Bu tez çalışması 112 O 903 numaralı Tübitak Projesi kapsamında 2 yıllık tarla denemeleri sonucunda belirlenen 57 farklı T. spelta genotipinin bor toksisitesine karşı dayanıklılığı sera koşullarında test edilmiştir. Tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre 3'er tekerrürlü olarak kurulan sera denemesinde kontrol ve 2 farklı bor (0, 25 ve 50 mg kg-1 B) uygulaması yapılmıştır. Bitkiler sapa kalkma döneminde (B toksisitesinin çıkması ile) hasat edilmiş ve bitki numunelerinde kuru madde verimi, yeşil aksam B, N, P, K, Fe ve Zn konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre bor uygulamaları ile T. spelta genotiplerinin bazılarının veriminde azalmalar görülürken, bazılarında ise artışların olduğu ve genotipler arasında ortaya çıkan bu artış ve azalışların istatiksel olarak önemli (P<0.01) olduğu görülmüştür. Kontrol uygulaması koşullarına (B0) göre toprağa B50 uygulaması ile kuru madde veriminde en fazla artış meydana gelen genotipler sırası ile SP 674 (% 22.56 artış), SP 705 (% 21.54 artış) ve SP 475 (% 18.2 artış) olmuş, buna karşın SP 912 (% 27.79 azalış), SP 200 (% 27.02 azalış) ve SP 913 (% 20.7 azalış)'de ise en fazla verim azalması meydana gelen genotipler olmuştur. Bunun yanında B uygulaması ile kuru madde verimlerinde artış meydana gelen genotiplerin kuru madde veriminde düşüş olanlara göre yeşil aksamlarına daha az B aldığı görülmüştür. Daha önce yapılan birçok çalışmada olduğu gibi; bitki türleri arasında olduğu gibi, aynı türün çeşitleri arasında da bor toksisitesine duyarlılık ve dayanıklılıkta büyük farkların olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

High boron (B) level in agricultural areas is considered one of the stress factors affecting the plant production. The boron prevents the functioning of plant metabolisms and causes various damages to plants. The boron problem is particularly encountered in arid and semi-arid regions along with the salinity problem. In this study, the resistance of 57 different T spelta genotypes determined within the 2 year field studies of the TUBITAK project (No: 112 O 903) to boron toxicity were tested in greenhouse conditions. Three diferent B doses (0, 25 and 50 mg kg-1) were used in the randomized parcels trial with three replicates. Plants were harvested at stem elongation stage (with the appearance of B toxicity) and dry matter yield, B, N, P, K, Fe and Zn concentrations of green part of plants were determined. The yields of some of T. Spelta genotypes were decreased and some increased with B applications. The increases and decreases among genotypes were found to be statistically significant (P<0.01). The genotypes with the highest dry matter yield by B50 treatment as compared to B0 were SP 674 (22.56% increase), SP 705 (21.54% increase) and SP 475 (18.2% increase), respectively. On the other hand, the genotypes with the lowest yield when applied B50 were SP 912 (27.79% decrease), SP 200 (27.02% decrease) and SP 913 (20.7% decrease), respectively. The green part B contents of the high yielding genotypes were lower than those of low yielding genotypes. As indicated in many of the earlier studies; the results revealed that resistance and sensivity to B differ among the species within the same variety as well as among the different varieties.

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Keywords

Ziraat, Toxicity, Triticum spelta, Wheat, Agriculture, Dry matters, Boron

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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