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Оценка буферной емкости вод малых озер Пуровского района

Authors: Kremleva, T. A.; Kononova, A. S.;

Оценка буферной емкости вод малых озер Пуровского района

Abstract

The aim of this work is to determine the stability of small lakes concerning the processes of acidification by calculating the buffering capacity of natural water. The decrease of pH in natural waters is caused by the arrival of acidifying sulfur and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere and in water. Acidification of reservoirs has extremely negative consequences, promotes admission of heavy metals, changes the ionic composition of water, and reduces the ability of natural waters to self-regeneration. The low-mineralized water of small lakes of the northern regions is particularly vulnerable to acidification processes. The criteria for stability of natural waters are the indicator of acid-neutralizing capacity, the level of hydrocarbons, and the value of the buffer capacity of natural waters. To calculate the buffer capacity in this paper we use the following indicators of the chemical composition of water: the pH value (pH), organic content (TOC) and inorganic (TIC) forms of carbon. Concentrations of conjugated forms of natural components of acid-base systems are calculated on the basis of representations of the acid-base equilibria in solutions of carbonic acid and humic acids. The total buffer capacity of natural waters is calculated as the sum of humic and hydrocarbonate buffer capacity. The paper shows that the critical value is the value of the buffer capacity of 15-20 яeq/dm3. For 9 lakes of Purovsky region (Yamalo- Nenets Autonomous Okrug) buffer capacity is calculated. On the basis of these data we determine which reservoirs are the most stable and vulnerable to acidification.

Целью данной работы является определение устойчивости малых озер в отношении процессов закисления путем расчета буферной емкости вод. Понижение рН природных вод вызвано поступлением кислотообразующих оксидов серы и азота в атмосферу и в водоемы. Повышение кислотности водоемов имеет крайне негативные последствия, способствует выщелачиванию тяжелых металлов, изменяет ионный состав вод, снижает способность природных водоемов к самовосстановлению. Особенно уязвимыми в отношении процессов закисления являются низкоминерализованные воды малых озер северных регионов. В качестве критериев устойчивости природных вод используют показатель кислотонейтрализующей способности, содержание гидрокарбонатов, значение буферной емкости природных вод. Для расчета буферной емкости в данной работе использованы следующие показатели химического состава вод: водородный показатель (рН), содержание органических (Сорг) и минеральных (Смин) форм углерода. Концентрации сопряженных форм компонентов природных кислотно основных систем рассчитаны на основе представлений о кислотно-основном равновесии в растворах угольной кислоты и гумусовых кислот. Общая буферная емкость природных вод рассчитана как сумма гидрокарбонатной и гумусовой буферной емкости. В работе показано, что критическим значением буферной емкости является величина 15-20 мкэкв/дм3. Для 9 озер Пуровского района (Ямало-Ненецкий автономный округ) рассчитаны значения буферной емкости. На основании полученных данных выявлены наиболее устойчивые и уязвимые к закислению водные объекты.

Keywords

закисление, acidification, кислотонейтрализующая способность, acid neutralizing capacity, гумусовые кислоты, гидрокарбонаты, buffering capacity, humic acid, буферная емкость, hydrogen carbonates

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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