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Историки урала середины 1950 — середины 1980-х годов о политических конфликтах в большевистской партии в первые годы советской власти

Authors: Valeriy, M. Kruzhinov;

Историки урала середины 1950 — середины 1980-х годов о политических конфликтах в большевистской партии в первые годы советской власти

Abstract

На примере уральской историографии середины 1950 — середины 1980-х гг. анализируется противоречивый процесс изучения политических конфликтов в большевистской партии в первые годы советской власти. Показано, что критика «культа личности» на XX съезде КПСС оставила в неприкосновенности сталинскую схему истории внутрипартийной борьбы, а обобщения и выводы историков, различаясь набором конкретных фактов и некоторых рассуждений, сводились к абсолютизации деструктивного начала в политическом конфликте и трактовали его как патологическое отклонение от воображаемого нормального развития. В этих условиях любые выступления коммунистов против официального курса связывались с воздействием на большевистскую партию «чуждой идеологии» и возникновением на этой основе «оппортунистических» и «контрреволюционных» групп», разгром которых ассоциировался с победой «ленинского курса». Установлено, что данная версия внутрипартийной борьбы имела глубокие социальные корни. Отвечая интересам партийно-государственной элиты, она позволяла уральским историкам идеализировать победителей и изображать развитие советского общества как поступательное движение вперед, но все более оказывалась в противоречии с реалиями . This article analyzes the controversial process of political conflicts in the Bolshevik Party in the early years of Soviet system as exemplified by the Ural historiography between mid-1950’s and mid-1980’s. It demonstrates that the criticism of the “personality cult” at the XX Communist Party Congress didn’t affect the Stalinist scheme of history of the inner struggle, and generalizations and conclusions of historians, which were different in a set of specific facts and arguments, resulted in absolutization of the destructive origin in the political conflict and interpreting it as a pathological deviation from the imaginary normal development. In these circumstances any oppositions of the Communists to the official orientation were connected with the “alien ideology” and emergence of “opportunistic” and “counter-revolutionary” groups, the defeat of which was associated with the victory of “Lenin orientation”. It has been specified that this version of inner-party struggle had deep social roots. Responding to the interests of the party-state elite, it allowed native historians to portray the development of the Soviet society as a forward movement, but increasingly found itself at odds with the real life.

Keywords

Trotskyism, political conflict, «троцкизм», The Bolshevik Party, Уральская историография, большевистская партия политический конфликт, Ural historiography

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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