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Czy przymiotnik może przybrać formę hipokorystyczną? Studium na przykładzie wyrazów określających barwy

Are there hypocoristic adjectives in Polish? A study of colour terms

Czy przymiotnik może przybrać formę hipokorystyczną? Studium na przykładzie wyrazów określających barwy

Abstract

The descriptive grammars of Polish recognize the category of hypocoristics only in connection with denominal nouns. This research demonstrates that there are good reasons to postulate an adjectival category for hypocoristic formations with regard to derivatives such as bielutki, bielusieńki, bialutki, bieluśki, bieluteńki, bieluchny, bieleńki, bialusieńki, bialuśki, bialuteńki, bielusi. A major argument for this refers to analysis conducted in this paper which identifies several recurring morphemes present both in typical nominal hypocoristics as well as in the derived adjectives under investigation. The article also concerns the semantic and pragmatic effects of hypocorization of Polish colour terms in the role of attributive adjectives. A study in the National Corpus of the Polish Language with the aid of the PELCRA search engine into the occurrences of such forms confirms that adjectival colour terms perform both the semantic and pragmatic functions of hypocorisms specified in the dictionary and also in encyclopaedic definitions of the phenomenon. However, the hypocoristic morphemes attached to colour adjectives, as well as to unmarked adjectives in antonymous pairs, do not signify a diminished size, but rather signal a positive emotional attitude in the speaker and are used to intensify the description of a colour sensation, i.e., to indicate that a given colour property is recognized in its prime. The pragmatic, emotional load of such terms seems to be no different than in the case of typical, nominal hypocoristic forms; the considered colour terms generally (though not always) express positive speaker attitude.

Artykuł omawia zagadnienie klasyfikacji, funkcji oraz częstotliwości użycia pewnych form, które mogą przybierać niektóre przymiotniki w języku polskim, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wyrazów określających kolory. Chodzi tu o derywaty utworzone przez dodanie do podstawy słowotwórczej danego leksemu formantów takich, jak -utki, -uteńki, -utenieczki, -uśki, -usieńki, -usienieczki, -eńki, -usi oraz -uchny. Względy formalne uzasadniają określenie derywatów z wymienionymi sufiksami jako hipokorystyków, które mogą przybierać różne funkcje semantyczne i pragmatyczne. Kategoria hipokorystyków w dotychczasowych opracowaniach słowotwórstwa polskiego odnosi się wyłącznie do rzeczowników odrzeczownikowych. Niniejszy artykuł postuluje wprowadzenie tej kategorii w odniesieniu do przymiotników odprzymiotnikowych.

Country
Poland
Related Organizations
Keywords

hipokoryzacja, słowotwórstwo polskie, Polish word-formation, sufiksy spieszczające, colour terms, pragmatic function, derived adjectives, przymiotnikowe derywaty ekspresywne, expressive affixes, morfologia, hypocorism, semantic function, hipokorystyk, morphology, nazwy barw, funkcja semantyczna i pragmatyczna

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Published in a Diamond OA journal