Public systems are constantly searching for new management approaches to have better performance and be more transparent to society. The public health systems are not an exclusion. Governments in some countries have started to use the project approach in this area. The dominant purpose of this research is to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of operating projects in public health systems worldwide and in Ukraine. Systematization of literary sources and articles connected with a public health projectification indicates that project management has many valuable tools to control and impact public health, including stakeholder management, team management, risk management, and result management. In contrast to the positive impact of using projects, researchers have been concerned about the wrong success factors in the health projects and the unavailability to make long-term programs to make a systematic influence on society. The present study analyzed the domestic and foreign approaches to implementing healthcare projects to analyze public health project fulfilment worldwide and provides the systematization of public health project types in Ukraine, with illustrations of each type of project made by the Center of Public Health by the Ministry of Healthcare. On top of that, the current legal condition of the Ukrainian healthcare system was analyzed due to the strategy of healthcare reformation. The object of the study is the projects implemented by the Center for Public Health by the Ministry of Healthcare as the central institution of public health execution in Ukraine. The author has emphasized that healthcare reformation requires the use of project-management staff since changes in public health are designed to create conditions for the operation of patient-oriented medical institutions. The research results can be helpful for further development of the Ukrainian health system or any other healthcare system or for future research in the projectification of the public sector.