The article considers the state, shortcomings, and prospects of cartographic modelling of the spatial and temporal structures of the road network of Ukraine. The study aims to develop methodological recommendations for improving the accuracy of mapping spatial and temporal changes in road networks using modern GIS technologies. The article analyses the concepts of space and time in the historical and philosophical context, emphasising the interdisciplinarity of the category "spatial and temporal structures". It is found that traditional classifications of road networks, such as administrative, functional, technical and operational, landscape, and geomorphological, do not take into account the specificities of cartographic visualisation of spatial and temporal structures. The existing classifications are decomposed by identifying spatial and temporal components that require a special approach to mapping. It is found that traditional methods do not allow a quick response to rapid changes in the road landscape. It is proposed to introduce regular high-resolution laser scanning, which provides an accurate representation of spatial and temporal changes and opens up opportunities for the creation of dynamic 4D mapping models.