The purpose of the article is to study the speeches of the peasants and the activities of anti-government political parties in the Volyn province at the end of 1905-1907. The author has researched archival documents and scientific works in which the specifics and features of the revolutionary speeches in Volyn have been analyzed. Special attention is paid to highlighting the role of revolutionary parties in these processes. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific research methods (analysis, synthesis and generalization) and special historical (chronological and comparative-historical) methods, which, in combination with the principles of objectivism, historicism and multifactoriality, created the necessary conditions for objective coverage of the tasks. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the author, on the basis of archival documents and scientific works, analyzed the peculiarities of the activities of national and revolutionary parties in Volyn at the beginning of the 20th century, highlighted the dynamics and specifics of peasant demonstrations in the region during the revolution of 1905-1907. Conclusions. On the basis of an unbiased analysis of archival documents and scientific works, the peculiarities and specifics of the activity of anti-imperialist political parties in Volyn on the eve of and during the revolutionary events of 1905-1907 were investigated. It was found that at the beginning of the 20th century. in Volyn, there were a few centers of Ukrainian, Jewish, Polish and socialist and neo-Marxist political groups. It is noted that socialist and neo-Marxist ideology was brought to the region by political figures who were detained by the police and sent by the imperial authorities to Volyn under police supervision. Neo-Marxists' close attention to Volhynia was dictated by its geographical location, because it was through the region that printed literature was illegally transported. During the revolutionary events in the Volyn province, peasant protests took place, aimed at the arbitrary cutting down of landowners' forests, cattle grazing, and in some cases there were also strikes of wage workers and austerities. However, in contrast to industrial regions, the labor movement in Volyn was insignificant, and in some cases employees refused to participate in strikes.